冷战结束后美日同盟影响下的中日关系

发布时间：2018-03-04 10:23

本文选题：美日同盟　切入点：中日关系　出处：《山东大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文主要通过研究冷战结束后美日同盟的重新确认及其对中日关系的影响。作为冷战结束后的全球唯一超级大国,为了维护其在东亚地区的战略利益,美国选择继续保持美日同盟来插手东亚地区事务,防范和遏制中国。经历了冷战结束初期的日美贸易摩擦后,伴随着中国经济的迅速发展和综合国力的不断增强,日本将中国看作威胁,于是选择继续维持美日同盟来增强对华战略优势,不断发展自身的军事势力,希望做出与本国经济实力相称的国际贡献,成为“正常国家”。冷战结束后的中日关系经历了几个不同的发展阶段。第一阶段自1989年6月到1993年7月。随着国际环境的变化,中日关系的发展站在了一个新的起点上,两国关系由停顿走向恢复,此时日美出现离心倾向,日本想通过自身的努力成为政治大国。第二阶段自1993年8月到1997年8月。日本国内维持长达38年之久的“1955年体制”崩溃,日本国内政治日益保守化,而此时中国的经济发展迅速,综合实力不断增强,日本国内出现了中国威胁论,这反映出日本对中国日益强大的担心与防备心理,日本转而采取加强日美同盟作为应对中国不断增强的地区影响力的手段。此时,中日之间在历史与现实问题上的一系列矛盾与冲突相继出现。第三阶段自1997年9月至2001年4月。这一阶段一方面中日两国建立了致力于和平与发展的友好合作伙伴关系,另一方面日本采取了一系列立法措施落实正常国家战略,日美两国提出了新的防卫合作指针,国会通过了《国旗国歌法案》,日本国内的修宪讨论也进入了新的阶段。第四阶段是2001年4月至2006年9月。这一阶段是小泉当政时期,日本国内的保守化倾向愈演愈烈,在一系列历史与现实问题上较前一阶段更为激进,对历史问题的认识日益模糊,防卫政策更具有进攻性,变相突破战后和平宪法的束缚并以朝鲜核威胁为由企图发展核武器。随着“9.11”事件后美国将反恐作为国家的首要对外战略目标,美国不断提升日本在同盟中的实质性地位来协助美国共同出兵海外,为美国的全球战略服务.日本则借此制定相关法案为出兵海外提供法律依据,通过外围立法修改宪法,为成为“正常国家”扫清道路。这一阶段除在钓鱼岛问题上的争端和台湾问题上的摩擦,两国国民的情绪也日益对立。通过上述分析,可以得出如下几点结论：第一,冷战之后美日同盟之所以继续存在的是因为日美两国将中国作为共同的战略目标,但两国的利益并不完全一致。第二,冷战结束以来日本国内政治日益保守化,这对两国关系带来了消极影响。第三,鉴于各自的实力地位、地理位置以及历史原因,日本比美国的对华政策更为激进。第四,美日同盟将长期存在并以美国为主导,美日同盟对中日关系的影响将随美国对亚和对华政策的改变而改变。如何在维持美日同盟的前提下处理好同包括中国在内的周边国家的关系是日本想成为正常国家所要解决的问题。第五,既要本着以史为鉴面型未来的精神来处理中日关系,又要在一系列历史与现实问题上经行有理有利的斗争,同时要处理好对美关系并积极融入国际社会。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly through the study of re confirmation after the end of the cold war alliance and its influence on Sino Japanese relations after the cold war. As the only superpower in the world, in order to maintain its strategic interests in the region, the United States chose to keep the US Japan alliance to intervene in East Asia affairs, to prevent and curb China. After the end of the cold war Japan US trade friction early, along with the rapid development and comprehensive national strength China economic growing, Japan will China as a threat, and chose to maintain the alliance to enhance China's strategic advantages, the development of its military forces, hoping to make a contribution to the world commensurate with its economic strength, become a normal country.
The Sino Japanese relations after the end of the cold war have undergone several different stages of development.
The first stage was from June 1989 to July 1993. With the change of the international environment, the development of Sino Japanese relations stood at a new starting point, and the relations between the two countries resumed from pause. At this time, the US and Japan showed a centrifugal tendency. Japan wanted to become a political power through its own efforts.
The second stage is from August 1993 to August 1997. Japan maintained up to 38 years of the "1955 system" collapse, Japan's domestic political increasingly conservative, while Chinese's rapid economic development, comprehensive strength, Japan appears China threat, reflecting Japan to China increasingly powerful fear and psychological preparedness, Japan to strengthen the Japan us alliance as a response to the China growing influence in the region. At this time, in a series of contradictions and conflicts in the history and the realistic problems have appeared.
The third stage is from September 1997 to April 2001. This stage for China and Japan to establish a friendly and cooperative partnership for peace and development, on the other hand, Japan has taken a series of legislative measures to implement the normal national strategy, Japan proposed that needle defense cooperation, Congress passed the "National Anthem act", Japan the constitutional discussion has entered a new stage.
The fourth stage is from April 2001 to September 2006. This stage is the Koizumi reign, Japan's conservative tendency intensified, in a series of historical and realistic problems on the previous stage is more radical understanding of the historical issues increasingly blurred, defense policy is more aggressive, disguised to break the shackles of the post-war pacifist constitution and North Korea the nuclear threat is trying to develop nuclear weapons. With the "9.11" incident, the United States will counter as the first foreign strategic target countries, the United States rising Japan in the alliance substantive position to assist the United States together soldiers overseas, as the global strategy of the United States. Japan is to formulate the relevant service bill for the troops overseas to provide a legal basis. To amend the Constitution by the external legislation, to become a "normal country" to clear the way. This stage in addition to dispute over the Diaoyu Islands issue and the Taiwan issue friction, The mood of the nationals of the two countries is also increasingly antagonistic.
Through the above analysis, we can draw the following conclusions: first, after the end of the cold war alliance is to continue to exist because of Japan and the United States will Chinese as a common strategic objective, but the interests of the two countries are not entirely consistent. Second since the end of the cold war, Japan's domestic political increasingly conservative, this will bring negative impact on relations between the two countries. Third. In view of their respective strength, geographical and historical reasons, Japan's policy toward China than the United States more radical. In fourth, the US Japan alliance will exist for a long time and dominated by the United States, the influence of the US Japan alliance on Sino Japanese relations with the United States will change to Asia and China policy change. In the premise of how to maintain the alliance under good relations with neighboring countries, including Chinese is Japan to become a normal country to solve the problem. Fifth, not only to the spirit of learning from history to fine surface In order to deal with Sino Japanese relations, we must take a reasonable and advantageous struggle against a series of historical and practical problems. We should also handle the relationship with the US and actively integrate into the international community.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D822.331.3

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