试析卡扎菲执政时期的利美关系

发布时间：2018-03-09 19:33

本文选题：利比亚　切入点：美国　出处：《外交学院》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：非洲北部中东西翼的阿拉伯国家利比亚在1951年独立后以其重要的地理位置和丰富的自然资源在国际舞台上扮演了重要角色。独立初期的利比亚处在伊德里斯王朝的统治之下,伊德里斯王朝统治腐败,严重倚靠西方国家,激起民愤。1969年自由军官组织首领卡扎菲带领人民推翻伊德里斯王朝的统治,利比亚进入一个新的时期。卡扎菲在夺取政权后,采取了截然不同于伊德里斯王朝时期的政策。卡扎菲反对霸权主义、反对殖民主义,追求国家独立和阿拉伯世界的统一。利比亚反对美国的政策导致利美双方在20世纪80年代冲突不断,1989年洛克比空难事件使利美关系跌入最低谷,美国通过联合国安理会对利比亚实施了长达11年的国际制裁,而美国单方面对利比亚的制裁高达22年。在受制裁的岁月,利比亚经济遭受严重打击,国际地位空前孤立。残酷的现实使卡扎菲试图改变利比亚受制裁的国际环境,2001年的“9·11”给利比亚带来的转机。卡扎菲改变了以往狂热的态度,主动反对恐怖主义,坚持反恐斗争,放弃大规模杀伤性武器。利比亚采取一些列与美国交好的政策缓和了利美关系,同时由于利比亚重要的战略地位以及利比亚丰富的石油资源,利美两国在2004年恢复了部分官方关系。此后,利美关系处于正常发展阶段。2011年3月,联合部队对利比亚开展军事袭击,这给与西方缓和关系的利比亚蒙上了一层阴影,西方国家以及反对派的反对,卡扎菲统治摇摇欲坠。利美关系缓和的实质值得我们思考。本文回顾了自利比亚独立以来的利美关系,对各个时期的利美关系进行了阐述,并且分析利美关系产生的原因以及带来的影响。本文运用数据分析方法,层次分析方法以及历史分析方法,试图通过阐述分析利美关系的实质。现实主义国际关系学者认为,国家利益是一个国家对外政策的目标和手段。通过20世纪50年代以来的利美关系演变史实也说明,世界上没有永恒的友谊,只有共同的利益。
[Abstract]:The east-west and east-west Arab state of northern Africa played an important role on the international stage after independence in 1951 with its important geographical location and abundant natural resources. Libya in the early days of independence was under the rule of the Idriss dynasty. In 1969, the leader of the Free military Organization led the people to overthrow the Idriss dynasty, Libya entered a new period. After Gaddafi seized power, He took a very different policy from that of the Idriss dynasty. Gaddafi opposed hegemonism and colonialism. The pursuit of national independence and the unity of the Arab world. Libya's opposition to the United States led to a constant conflict between Libya and the United States in 1980s, and the Lockerbie air crash of 1989 brought relations between Liberia and the United States to the lowest point. The United States has imposed 11 years of international sanctions on Libya through the United Nations Security Council, while the United States has imposed unilateral sanctions on Libya for up to 22 years. Unprecedented isolation of international status. Cruel reality has led Gaddafi to try to change the international environment under which Libya is subject to sanctions. On 2001, "9 路11" brought Libya a turn of events. Gadhafi changed his fanatical attitude, took the initiative to oppose terrorism, and insisted on the fight against terrorism. Renouncing weapons of Mass destruction. Libya's adoption of a number of policies of good relations with the United States has eased relations between Libya and the United States, while at the same time, because of Libya's important strategic position and Libya's rich oil resources, The two countries resumed some of their official relations in 2004. Since then, relations between the United States and Liberia have been in a normal stage of development. In March 2011, the United forces launched a military attack on Libya, which cast a shadow over Libya, where relations have eased in the West. Western and opposition opposition, Gaddafi's rule is shaky. The essence of the relaxation of relations between Liberia and the United States is worth thinking about. This paper reviews the relations between Libya and the United States since the independence of Libya, expounds the relations between Liberia and the United States in various periods, and analyzes the causes and effects of the relations. The analytic hierarchy process and the historical analysis try to analyze the essence of the relations between Liberia and the United States. National interest is the goal and means of a country's foreign policy. The historical facts of the evolution of relations between Liberia and the United States since 1950s also show that there is no eternal friendship in the world, only common interests.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D871.2;D841.3

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