尼克松“疯子战略”初探

发布时间：2018-03-12 09:06

本文选题：越南战争　切入点：尼克松政府　出处：《东北师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：越南战争已经结束四十余年,然而对越战的研究从未停止,在近现代史上,越南以其独特的地理位置和丰富的资源储备成为了战争高发地之一,而二战后的越南战争更是在冷战格局中一场重要的热战,无论在军事史、冷战史或是美国史方面,都是重要的研究对象。从信心满满的开始、深陷泥潭到最后的无功而返,越战后期的美国政府一直致力于如何体面的结束越南战争,力图在军事和外交(武力压制和非军事化和谈)中选取一项利益最大化的方式。根据解密文献显示,20世纪60年代末70年代初,为结束战争,美国尼克松政府曾进行的一次“以武逼和”的战略,来加速解决作为世界关注的焦点和美国国家外交的头等大事的越南战争。本文结合历史学和国际关系等相关学科的资料和研究方法,试图全面地还原当时的情况并分析美国最终并未在与越南战场使用核武器的原因。文章主要从前任政府的作为、尼克松执政时期的美越关系、“疯子战略”和“鸭钩计划”的实施以及最终核警报停止的原因等几个方面来进行探讨。本文共分为引言、正文、结论和参考文献四部分。正文共分为三个部分。第一部分为背景部分,主要阐述美军在越南战争的情况和约翰逊政府期间试图让战争引向和谈的努力以及尼克松上任第一年对越南战争的政策和态度;第二部分主要介绍1969年尼克松和其团队核心基辛格为了迫使越南方面走向和谈而制定的大胆而疯狂的使用核武器的“疯子战略”以及战略的实施和结果;第三部分从国际和国内两方面对此进行探究,推断美国在越战中没有使用核武器的合理解释。结论部分是对尼克松政府此次行动的深层次探索和推断。
[Abstract]:The Vietnam War has been over for more than 40 years. However, the study of the Vietnam War has never stopped. In the modern history, Vietnam has become one of the high incidence areas of the war with its unique geographical location and abundant resource reserves. The Vietnam War after World War II was an important hot war in the cold war pattern. Whether in military history, cold war history or American history, it was an important object of study. The United States government in the late Vietnam War has been working on how to end the Vietnam War with dignity. Trying to choose a way of maximizing the benefits of military and diplomatic (the suppression of force and demilitarization peace talks). According to the declassified documents, the end of the war in the late 60s and early 70s of the 20th century, The Nixon administration of the United States once carried out a strategy of "making peace by force". To speed up the settlement of the Vietnam War, which is the focus of world attention and the top priority of American national diplomacy. This paper combines the materials and research methods of related disciplines such as history and international relations. Trying to fully restore the situation and analyze why the United States did not end up using nuclear weapons on the battlefield with Vietnam. The relationship between the United States and Vietnam during Nixon's administration, the implementation of "madman strategy" and "duck hook plan", and the reasons for the final cessation of nuclear alarm were discussed. The text is divided into three parts. The first part is the background part. This paper mainly expounds the situation of the US military in the Vietnam War and the efforts made by the Johnson Administration to lead the war to the peace talks, as well as Nixon's policy and attitude towards the Vietnam War in his first year in office. The second part mainly introduces Nixon and his team core Kissinger in 1969 to force Vietnam to the peace talks and the bold and crazy use of nuclear weapons "crazy strategy" and the implementation and results of the strategy; The third part explores this from the international and domestic aspects, inferring that the United States did not use nuclear weapons in the Vietnam War, and the conclusion is the deep exploration and inference of the Nixon administration's action.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D871.2

【参考文献】