地位焦虑和历史压抑——日本在与邻国岛屿争端中的政策差异及其影响因素

发布时间：2018-03-13 19:00

本文选题：地位焦虑　切入点：历史压抑　出处：《当代亚太》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：日本与中国、韩国和俄罗斯分别在钓鱼岛、独岛和南千岛群岛的主权归属上存在争议。近年来,日本在应对这三组岛屿争端时,政策的强硬程度明显不同。这种差别主要源自日本对岛屿争端对象国持有不同的情感动机,而岛屿争端不过是其宣泄或表达这些情感的一个出发口。根据来源的差别,这种情感动机可以区分为两种——地位焦虑和历史压抑。前者是指日本基于与岛屿争端对象国在现实层面的地位比较所产生的焦虑情绪,而后者源自日本与争端对象国围绕历史问题所产生的复杂纠葛。面对不同的岛屿争端对象国,日本体验到的地位焦虑和历史压抑强度有所不同。就地位焦虑而言,日本近年来对中国的焦虑程度较高并不断上升,而对于韩国和俄罗斯的地位焦虑程度较低,由高到低依次为对中、对俄和对韩;就历史压抑而言,日本对中国和韩国的压抑程度较高且有所上升,而对俄罗斯程度较低,由高到低依次为对中、对韩、对俄。由于日本面对不同的岛屿争端国所具有的情感状态有明显不同,导致其在处理与这些对象国的岛屿争端时的政策明显不同:日本在钓鱼岛、独岛和南千岛群岛问题上的政策反应激烈程度从高到低次第降低。明晰日本在与邻国岛屿争端中的情感动机,有助于把握日本岛屿争端政策的变化及其发展前景,并对学术界从理论上初步明晰情感在岛屿争端中的作用有所裨益。
[Abstract]:Japan has disputes with China, South Korea and Russia over sovereignty over the Diaoyu Islands, Dokdo Islands and the South Kuril Islands. In recent years, Japan has dealt with these three groups of islands. The degree of firmness of policy is markedly different. This difference stems mainly from the different emotional motives of Japan with regard to the countries to which the island dispute is directed, which is but a starting point for its catharsis or expression of those feelings. Depending on the source, This emotional motivation can be divided into two types-status anxiety, which is based on a realistic comparison of Japan's status with the object of the island dispute, and historical repression, The latter comes from the complex disputes between Japan and the countries that are the object of the dispute over historical issues. In the face of different island dispute countries, Japan experiences different levels of status anxiety and historical repression. In terms of status anxiety, In recent years, Japan's anxiety about China is high and rising, while for South Korea and Russia, the anxiety level of status is relatively low, from high to low is China, Russia and South Korea; in terms of historical repression, Japan's degree of repression towards China and South Korea is high and rising, while for Russia, the degree is lower, from high to low in order of middle, toward South Korea and toward Russia. Because Japan has different emotional states in the face of different island dispute countries, That led to a clear difference in its policy in dealing with the islands dispute with these target countries: Japan was on the Diaoyu Islands, The intensity of the policy response on the issues of Dokdo and the South Kuril Islands has been reduced from high to low. A clear understanding of Japan's emotional motives in the dispute with neighbouring islands will help to grasp the changes in the policy of the Japanese island dispute and its prospects for development, It is beneficial to the academic circles to clarify the role of emotion in the island dispute theoretically.
【作者单位】：兰州大学管理学院;兰州大学中亚研究所;北京外国语大学国际关系学院;
【基金】：兰州大学2016年“中央高校基本科研业务费”重点研究基地团队建设项目(项目批准号:16LZUJBWTD003)的阶段性成果 “国家留学基金委国际区域问题研究及外语高层次人才培养项目” “上海市高原学科(上海政法学院)”的资助
【分类号】：D831.3

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