21世纪中国与印度援助非洲对比研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 13:54

本文选题：官方发展援助　切入点：非洲　出处：《外交学院》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：国际发展援助是当前国际关系中的热点议题，，而各个援助者对非洲的援助更是引起争议的问题。21世纪以来，虽然中国和印度是人口最多的发展中国家，但是两国经济发展迅速。随着中印经济实力的不断增强,双方对非洲的援助规模也在不断扩大。加强同非洲国家在内的发展中国家的友好合作一直是中国外交政策的着力点，而援助非洲，促进非洲发展一直是中国发展对非关系的一个重要方面。印度则是通过援助非洲加强对非关系，延续并扩大其在政治、经济和科技等领域对非洲的影响。中印对非援助有助于非洲的稳定和发展，有助于联合国千年发展目标的实现。中印双方在对非援助上有相似点，也有不同点，并且都在对非援助时积累了一定的经验，而印度援助非洲的经验对今后中国开展援助非洲工作具有重要借鉴意义。现如今非洲的发展不同以往，速度飞快，但是同时也存在问题，而帮助非洲人民解决这些问题是很多援助国的目标。中印双方援助非洲工作经历了不同的发展阶段，有源起、调整和发展阶段，并且双方援助非洲所具备的各种条件、两国各自的援助管理机制、对非援助侧重的领域、方式与援助特点都不尽相同。印度援助非洲注重对非洲的科技援助和人才培训，这有利于印度在非洲的大国形象的建立和对印度的认同。而中国对非洲援助侧重的是大型工程、基础设施的建设，对向非洲的人才培训，科技援助工作不够重视，虽然近年来有所改善，但是做的还是不如印度，所以在这方面印度值得中国学习。虽然中国和印度在援助非洲方面有一些差异和分歧，但是双方在非洲也存在较多的利益交汇点，双方应该秉持着“求同存异”的原则，用一种更为开放的、合作的方式来援助非洲，这样双方才能在非洲大陆争取利益共享，实现共赢。
[Abstract]:International development assistance is a hot topic in current international relations, and aid from various donors to Africa has been a controversial issue since the 21st century, although China and India are the most populous developing countries. However, the economies of the two countries are developing rapidly. With the increasing economic strength of China and India, the scale of bilateral assistance to Africa is also expanding. Strengthening friendly cooperation with developing countries, including African countries, has always been the focus of China's foreign policy. While assisting Africa, promoting African development has always been an important aspect of China's development of its relations with Africa. India, on the other hand, has continued and expanded its political activities by assisting Africa to strengthen its relations with Africa. China and India's aid to Africa is conducive to the stability and development of Africa and to the achievement of the UN Millennium Development goals. Both China and India have similarities and differences in aid to Africa, and both have accumulated certain experience in aid to Africa. The experience of India's aid to Africa is of great significance to China's efforts to assist Africa in the future. Nowadays, Africa is developing at a different speed and at a different speed, but at the same time there are still problems. And helping the African people solve these problems is the goal of many donor countries. China and India have gone through different stages of development, active development, adjustment and development, and all kinds of conditions for both sides to assist Africa. The aid management mechanisms of the two countries are different from each other in terms of the areas, modalities and characteristics of aid to Africa. India's aid to Africa focuses on science and technology assistance and human resources training to Africa, This is conducive to the establishment of India's image as a big country in Africa and its recognition of India. While China's aid to Africa focuses on large-scale projects, infrastructure construction, training of talents to Africa, and scientific and technological assistance. Although it has improved in recent years, it has not done as much as India, so India is worth learning from. Although China and India have some differences and differences in aid to Africa, there are also more points of convergence of interests between the two sides in Africa. The two sides should adhere to the principle of "seeking common ground while reserving differences" and use a more open approach. Work together to help Africa, so that both sides can share the benefits and achieve a win-win situation on the continent.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D822.34;D835.1

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