中美解冻关系时对日本问题的考量与角力

发布时间：2018-03-15 22:38

本文选题：美国外交　切入点：美中日关系　出处：《美国研究》2014年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：中美两国在解冻关系的初期谈判中,对作为"第三方"的日本各有战略考量。美国的战略利益是维护美国主导下的亚太势力均衡,维持美日关系比改善美中关系更重要。中国的战略需要是免遭任何强权威胁,同西方和日本建立正常关系,防止日本复活军国主义。尼克松的谈判策略是给中国造成对美苏日的"三怕"。毛泽东则摊牌:中国根本不怕美苏日来华大打,已准备应付最坏局面。折冲樽俎之下,美中的共识是反对任何国家谋求亚太霸权,反对日本向本岛以外扩展军事力量、染指台湾和朝鲜半岛、插手"台独"活动。但对怎样防止日本重走军国主义道路,美中双方认识不同。美国承诺将阻止日本奉行损害中国的政策,但坚持认为现行的美日关系能制约日本扩张军力,而听任日本自立则将使其出现致命的民族主义。中国对废除美日安保体系的态度在疑虑中悄然变化。
[Abstract]:In the early negotiations of thawing relations between China and the United States, Japan, as a "third party," each had strategic considerations. The strategic interest of the United States is to maintain the balance of power in the Asia-Pacific region under the leadership of the United States. Maintaining US-Japan relations is more important than improving US-China relations. China's strategic need is to build normal relations with the West and Japan from any threat of power. To prevent Japan from reviving militarism. Nixon's negotiation strategy was to create "three fears" for China against the United States, the Soviet Union and Japan. Mao Zedong, on the other hand, showdown: China is not at all afraid of the United States, the Soviet Union and Japan coming to China and is ready to deal with the worst. The consensus between the United States and China is to oppose any country seeking hegemony in the Asia-Pacific region, to oppose Japan's expansion of its military power beyond the island, to get involved in Taiwan and the Korean Peninsula, and to intervene in activities of "Taiwan independence." but how to prevent Japan from resuming militarism, The United States and China have different understandings. The United States promised to prevent Japan from pursuing a policy that would harm China, but insisted that the current US-Japan relationship could constrain Japan's military expansion. Allowing Japan to stand on its own feet would lead to deadly nationalism. China's attitude toward abolishing the US-Japan security system has quietly changed amid doubts.
【作者单位】：北京大学历史学系;
【分类号】：D822.371.2

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