中国对外援助中的对口支援模式

发布时间：2018-03-19 18:49

本文选题：中国　切入点：对外援助　出处：《上海外国语大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：2010年召开的全国援外工作会议首次提出“中国特色的援外发展模式”这一概念，本文通过考察中国开展对外援助的历史与实践认为“中国特色援外发展模式”的核心与基础是“对口援外”，这种模式的逻辑起点是国内统筹区域发展与扶贫开发领域的对口支援模式，“对口”是一种规则约束，对口援外的中国特色也集中体现在“对口”的制度安排方面。在与主要的援助国开展对外援助的比较中，明确了对口援外模式的中国属性及其优越性。对口援外按照对外援助行为的实际执行与实施主体可以划分为地方政府对口援外、国家部委对口援外与大型企业对口援外三种类型，本文分别选取上海市援助越南与几内亚、卫生部派遣援外医疗队、中国石油天然气集团公司援助苏丹作为案例进行研究，从历史事实的角度探讨对口援外模式的运行机制及其成效。在三种类型的对口援外中，地方政府是主体，因为地方政府掌握了除中央以外最多的资源，对口援外正好可以在减轻中央负担的同时发挥地方的积极性，地方参与通常专属于中央政府的对外援助本身就是其实力与地位的展示，援助的实效得以保证。国家部委的对口援外主要在于能够充分利用部委本身在分工方面的专业优势，而援外任务的最终执行很多情况下还需要地方政府的协作与配合。大型企业直接参与对外援助是一个新的趋势，在真正提高受援国自主发展能力、帮助其建立完整的工业体系方面意义重大。中国特色对口援外模式在我国的产生，是有其必然性的，我国的国家结构与社会主义的央地关系是其产生的先决条件，，而国内对口支援的巨大成就又为对口援外提供了可资借鉴的现实参照，同时这也是一个国内政治与国际政治互动的过程，今后这一进程仍将持续下去，或许会成为国际援助体系的福音。
[Abstract]:The concept of "the development model of foreign aid with Chinese characteristics" was put forward for the first time at the National Conference on Foreign Aid held in 2010. Based on the investigation of the history and practice of China's foreign aid, this paper holds that the core and foundation of the development model of "foreign aid with Chinese characteristics" is "foreign assistance with counterpart", and the logical starting point of this model is to coordinate regional development and poverty alleviation development in China. Domain counterpart support mode, "counterpart" is a rule constraint, The Chinese characteristics of counterpart foreign aid are also embodied in the institutional arrangement of "counterpart". In the comparison of foreign aid with the major donor countries, the Chinese attribute and superiority of the counterpart foreign aid model are clarified. According to the actual implementation and implementation of foreign aid, foreign aid can be divided into three types: local government counterpart foreign aid, foreign counterpart assistance from national ministries and large enterprises, and foreign assistance from large enterprises. This paper selects Shanghai to assist Vietnam and Guinea, respectively. The Ministry of Health dispatched a foreign aid medical team and the China National Petroleum Corporation assisted Sudan as a case study to explore the operational mechanism and effectiveness of the counterpart foreign aid model from the perspective of historical facts. The local government is the main body, because the local government has the most resources other than the central government, so giving assistance to foreign countries can help the central authorities at the same time as reducing the burden of the central government and giving play to the enthusiasm of the local authorities. Local participation, which usually belongs exclusively to the central government, is itself a demonstration of its strength and status, and the effectiveness of aid is guaranteed. The counterpart of national ministries mainly lies in being able to make full use of the professional advantages of the ministries themselves in the division of labour. And the ultimate implementation of the foreign aid mission in many cases also requires the cooperation and cooperation of local governments. Direct participation of large enterprises in foreign aid is a new trend, and it is really improving the capacity of recipient countries to develop independently. Helping to build a complete industrial system is significant. The emergence of the foreign aid mode with Chinese characteristics in China is inevitable, and the relationship between the state structure of our country and the central region of socialism is a prerequisite for its emergence. However, the tremendous achievements of domestic counterpart support have provided a practical reference for foreign counterparts, and it is also a process of interaction between domestic and international politics, and this process will continue in the future. It may be a boon for the international aid system.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D822.3

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