梅德韦杰夫时期俄罗斯的外交政策及对中俄关系的影响

发布时间：2018-03-21 14:07

本文选题：梅德韦杰夫　切入点：外交政策　出处：《河北师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：梅德韦杰夫1965年出生于圣彼得堡一个书香门第,1990年从列宁格勒大学研究生院毕业,法学副博士、副教授。2005年11月,被任命为俄罗斯联邦政府第一副总理。2008年5月,梅德韦杰夫从普京手中接过俄罗斯总统权杖,在克里姆林宫宣誓就任俄罗斯新一届总统,在就职演说中,梅德韦杰夫即表示,俄罗斯的战略和今后几年的方针是最大限度地利用近8年来奠定的雄厚基础,把俄罗斯建成一个世界强国。6月,就任刚满一月的梅德韦杰夫即出访德国,并发表了关于构建新欧洲安全的倡议。后与美国重启外交关系,签署了《缩减战略进攻核武器条约》。虽然从今天看来俄美关系的重启,只取得了小范围的成功,但总算使俄美关系走上了正常化,脱离了小布什执政后期陷入的僵局。中俄之间一直存在着十分微妙的关系,一方面由于同受西方的挤压从国家现实需要结成一定程度上的战略盟友,但另一方面因为双方需求的不同势必存在一定分歧,如俄罗斯驱逐华商事件、审判中国间谍事件等等不和谐声音,都是这种微妙关系的显现。梅德韦杰夫执政时期的外交策略,两国在政治、经济、人文等众多领域的合作都取得了较大程度的发展,但中国的迅速崛起和同西方国家的深入合作,使俄罗斯民众依然深存疑虑,在经贸合作领域摩擦增多合作不稳定,人文合作也缺乏民间动力。中俄关系是中苏关系的延续,从世界政治格局和经济格局来看,中俄关系无疑是世界上最为重要的双边关系之一,复杂程度和涉及广度无疑远超其它很多大国关系。从1996年中俄建立战略协作伙伴关系起,中俄两国面对复杂多变的国际形势,共同应对经济全球化的挑战,致力于推动多元化和国际关系民主化进程,中俄关系取得了明显的进展,经济合作实现了质的飞跃,战略协作得到了不断深化,给中俄两国人民带来了实际利益。面对日益复杂多变的国际形势,中俄关系不仅关系着两国人民的利益,还关系着地区以及世界的和平稳定,因此,研究俄罗斯外交政策及其对中俄关系的影响有着极为深远的意义。本论文第一部分简述了俄罗斯外交政策的发展历程,包括叶利钦时期俄罗斯的外交政策和普京时期俄罗斯的外交政策。叶利钦时期的外交政策经历了明显的一边倒亲西方政策到东西方双头并进、多极化的外交政策。普京时期外交政策,则更为主张民主多极化世界秩序的构建,关注中国与印度的动向。第二部分详细分析了梅德韦杰夫执政时期外交政策的内容,包括继续强调独联体的外交优先,重视亚洲国家外交关系,充分开展多边外交,缓和西方关系,积极参与国际事务,以中国作为大国外交首选,坚持东西方平衡的外交策略。同时,还从俄罗斯国力、梅普组合、国际因素、民族文化心理、梅德韦杰夫个人因素、美中两国因素等七个方面,分析了梅德韦杰夫执政时期外交政策的影响因素。第三部分分析了梅德韦杰夫执政时期外交政策对中俄关系的积极影响和消极影响,积极影响包括中俄政治、中俄经济、中俄人文三个方面,消极影响包括经贸摩擦、发展动力、外交位置几个方面。第四部分从寻求进一步加强中俄经贸合作的道路、推进人文交流促进中俄两国民众关系、多方位入手构建对俄外交战略规划等三个方面对发展中俄关系策略进行了初步探讨。本文从梅德韦杰夫执政时期的外交政策入手,结合俄罗斯多年来的外交策略以及俄罗斯和中国发展情况,就梅德韦杰夫执政时期的外交政策进行了的分析,并就其对中俄关系的影响进行了深入的研究,以期把握两国外交策略的脉络,为中俄关系的长期发展提供经验基础,为中国处理同其它国家的关系提供经验基础。
[Abstract]:Medvedev was born in St Petersburg in 1965 and a 1990 graduate from a family of scholar, Leningrad University School of law, associate doctor, associate professor.2005 in November, the government of Russian Federation was appointed as the first deputy prime minister.2008 Medvedev in May, who took over from Putin, the Russian President mace, in Moscow Kremlin was sworn in as the new president of Russia, in his inaugural speech Medvedev said that Russia's strategic and policy in the next few years is to maximize the use of the past 8 years to lay a solid foundation, put Russia into a world power.6 month, took office just over January Medvedev visited Germany, and published on the construction of a new European Security Initiative. After resumption of diplomatic relations with the United States <, signed the strategic offensive nuclear weapons reduction. Although it seems today to restart relations between Russia and the United States, only a small range The success, however, made the Russian - US relationship normalizing and separated from the deadlock in which George W. Bush was in power.
There is a relationship between China and Russia has been very subtle, on the one hand with the extrusion from the national western realistic need to form a strategic ally, to some extent, but on the other hand, because the two sides of the different demand is bound to exist some differences, such as the Russian expulsion of Chinese China spy trial events, events are not harmonious sound, this delicate relationship the show. During the reign of Medvedev's diplomatic strategy, the two countries in political, economic, cultural and other fields of cooperation have made great progress, but the rapid rise of China and with western countries in-depth cooperation, which is still deep doubts about the Russian people, the economic and trade cooperation friction increase cooperation is not stable, cultural cooperation also the lack of civilian power.
The relationship between China and Russia is a continuation of the Sino Soviet relations, from the pattern of world politics and economic structure, the relationship between China and Russia is undoubtedly one of the most important bilateral relations in the world, the complexity and breadth of scope is undoubtedly far more than many other countries. The establishment of strategic partnership between China and Russia from 1996 onwards, China and Russia in the face of the complicated and changeable international situation, common to cope with the challenges of economic globalization, is committed to promoting the diversification and democratization of international relations, Sino Russian relations have made significant progress in economic cooperation, to achieve a qualitative leap, strategic cooperation has been deepening, has brought tangible benefits to the two peoples. In the face of increasingly complex international situation, Sino Russian relations is not only the relationship between the two countries the interests of the people, but also the relationship between the regional and world peace and stability, therefore, the research of Russian foreign policy and its influence on Sino Russian relations with It is of great significance.
The first part of this paper introduces the developing process of Russian foreign policy, including Russia's foreign policy during the Yeltsin period and Putin period of Russian foreign policy. The Yeltsin administration's foreign policy has obvious one-sided Pro western policy to the West and headed into, the multi polarization of the foreign policy. During the period of Putin foreign policy, more construction claims the Democratic multipolar world order, pay attention to China and India trends.
The second part of the detailed analysis of the Medvedev administration's foreign policy, including the continued emphasis on CIS diplomatic priority, attention to diplomatic relations between Asian countries, fully carry out multilateral diplomacy, ease Western relations, actively participate in international affairs, to Chinese as foreign preferred, insist on the East balanced diplomatic strategy. At the same time, also from the Russian national strength, Medvedev Putin combination, international factors, national cultural psychology, Medvedev's personal factors, the seven aspects of both factors, analysis of the Medvedev administration's foreign policy factors.
The third part analyzes the positive and negative effects of foreign policy on Sino Russian relations in Medvedev's ruling period, including three aspects, including Sino Russian politics, Sino Russian economy and Sino Russian culture, including negative effects, including economic and trade frictions, development power and diplomatic position.
The fourth part explores the strategy of Developing Sino Russian relations from three aspects, namely, seeking further strengthening Sino Russian economic and trade cooperation, promoting cultural exchanges, promoting relations between China and Russia, building a strategic plan for Russia and so on.
This article from the Medvedev administration's foreign policy of Russia, combined with years of diplomatic strategy as well as Russia and Chinese development situation, analysis of the Medvedev era foreign policy was carried out, and studied its impact on Sino Russian relations, in order to grasp the diplomatic strategy of the context, providing empirical basis for the long term the development of Sino Russian relations, providing empirical basis for China relations with other countries.

【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D851.2

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