我国核心领导者的对美“首脑外交”及其战略意义

发布时间：2018-03-22 04:12

本文选题：首脑　切入点：首脑外交　出处：《东华大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“首脑外交”是当今世界外交发展的主要形式之一，也是在全球一体化、各国联系不断加强的背景之下在外交领域的具体反映，丰富和扩展了各国外交活动的形式。“首脑外交”近些年来，之所以能够取得较快的发展，不仅因为它具有发展的良好国际环境，更有促成其发展的各国土壤。近些年来，，随着全球一体化进程的加快，很多国家面临着全球化带来的消极影响，如石油问题、恐怖主义、独立分裂、全球气候变暖、经济危机、金融海啸、地震等自然灾害，城市人口老龄化、能源紧缺等各类问题，而各种问题的解决绝不仅仅是依靠一国力量就可以完成的，当各国都意识到其他国家解决某一问题的能力可以对本国的发展产生重大影响时，闭关锁国类现象便失去了生存的根本。本文的主要研究视角就是从首脑外交的角度，以新中国成立以来的对美首脑外交史实为研究对象，按照时间顺序来探讨新中国五位核心领导者的对美首脑外交的演变、特点、和规律，并从中分析出纵向特点，以供未来之参考。除此之外，笔者还分析了首脑外交给经贸、文化、安全、美国两党派等等方面带来的或者积极或者消极的战略影响。纵观中美关系发展史，我们可以发现，随着中国国力的增强，在国际上地位的提升，国际影响力不断扩大，中美两国渐渐走出兴新崛起大国和唯一超级大国的固定模式，出现了很多新的特点。未来，中美关系会成为全球最重要的双边关系，国际形势的总体问题也有利于中美两国强强联手，实现双赢。当然，中国在地区影响力的不断上升也会成为中美之间新的争端源头，美国对于中国的发展依然会感到不安。但总体来说，美国的对华政策依然走着更加务实的线路，他们认为对于中国的崛起不能阻止，只能“引导”，最有利于美国发展的对华政策就是不断加强两国合作，同时我们也可以发现，近些年来，美国民主党和共和党的党派对华态度分歧也在不断缩小，这也是中美关系稳定的一方面因素。未来两国将会探索出一条兴新大国和现存大国的和平发展、互利合作的道路。
[Abstract]:"Summit diplomacy" is one of the main forms of diplomatic development in the world today. It is also a concrete reflection in the diplomatic field in the context of global integration and the continuous strengthening of ties between countries. Enriched and expanded the forms of diplomatic activities of various countries. "Summit diplomacy" has been able to achieve rapid development in recent years, not only because it has a favourable international environment for development, but also because it has the soil of various countries that have contributed to its development. With the acceleration of global integration, many countries are facing the negative effects of globalization, such as oil problems, terrorism, fragmentation, global warming, economic crisis, financial tsunami, earthquake and other natural disasters. The aging of the urban population, the shortage of energy, and other problems, and the solution of all kinds of problems is not just a matter of relying on the power of one country. When all countries realize that the ability of other countries to solve a problem can have a great impact on their own development, the phenomenon of closing the door to the outside world loses the root of survival. The main research angle of this paper is to explore the evolution and characteristics of the five core leaders of New China to the United States from the perspective of summit diplomacy, taking the diplomatic history of the leaders to the United States since the founding of New China as the object of study, according to the chronological order. In addition, the author also analyzes the positive or negative strategic influence of summit diplomacy on economy and trade, culture, security, American bipartisanship and so on. Looking at the history of the development of Sino-US relations, we can find that with the enhancement of China's national strength, the promotion of its position in the international arena, and the continuous expansion of international influence, China and the United States are gradually coming out of the fixed pattern of rising new powers and the sole superpower. Many new features have emerged. In the future, Sino-US relations will become the most important bilateral relationship in the world, and the overall problems in the international situation will also help China and the United States join forces to achieve a win-win situation. China's growing influence in the region will also become a new source of dispute between China and the United States, and the United States will remain uneasy about China's development. But overall, the United States' China policy is still on a more pragmatic path. They believe that China's rise cannot be stopped, it can only be "guided", and that the most favorable policy toward China for the United States is to continuously strengthen cooperation between the two countries. At the same time, we can also find that in recent years, In the future, the two countries will explore a path of peaceful development and mutually beneficial cooperation between new and existing powers.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D822.371.2

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