论中日相互认知中的ODA

发布时间：2018-03-25 07:28

本文选题：ODA　切入点：中日关系　出处：《华东师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 政府开发援助(简称ODA)是一种国家间具有战略意义的经济性、政策性政府行为,是一种体现国家战略意图和政府对外政策的官方行为,一般带有着极为浓厚的政治外交考虑。随着中日邦交正常化,日本开始向中国提供政府开发援助,为中国的经济发展做出了重要的贡献,而ODA本身也成为了中日两国友好的象征。但在冷战结束后,中日在ODA问题上分歧显现,两国围绕ODA的相互认知渐行渐远,中日关系因此受到负面影响。2008年,实施了长达近三十年的日本对华ODA也正式宣告“毕业”。本文通过史料研究和实证分析,探究中日相互认知和两国政治互动中ODA的地位和作用,并借助国际关系理论加以分析,为促进中日关系的进一步发展提供理论依据。第一章主要介绍了日本对华ODA的由来和实施动机。中日邦交正常化后,中国主动放弃了对日战争索赔,引起了日本国内的高度反响,因此带有着“感恩”心理的对华ODA就应运而生了。日本对华ODA不仅有力促进了中国经济的腾飞,也极大拉动了日本自身的经济发展。但是,随着冷战的结束,日本对外政策调整步伐加快,对华ODA逐渐演变为日本对华施压、实现外交目标的工具,引发了两国之间一系列的政治摩擦。第二章着重分析了当前中日两国在ODA问题上的相互认知情况。从中国方面看,官方对ODA的理解是一种带有补偿心理的经济合作,而民间对ODA显然知之甚少,即便了解也认为无需宣传或感谢日本对华ODA。而日本方面则更多把ODA看作是一项可以实现日本国家利益的外交手段,对中国不宣传、不感谢ODA表示不满,并担心长期援助日益强大的中国会对日本构成潜在威胁。第三章在分析中日对ODA相互认知的基础上,具体探究中日双方的分歧点以及造成认知差异的根源,大致可以归结为日本自身政策的调整、对ODA是否是战争赔款替代品的不同认识、媒体舆论的导向性宣传以及中日两国之间互知互信的严重不足等几点原因。在结语部分,本文在前文事实和分析的基础上,借助国际关系理论,深入解读ODA与中日关系的相互作用,进一步挖掘相互认知对国际关系的重要影响作用。最后,文章展望了后ODA时代中日关系的未来。
[Abstract]:Government Development Assistance (ODAA) is a kind of economic and policy-oriented government behavior with strategic significance among countries. It is an official act that embodies the national strategic intention and the government's foreign policy. Usually with very strong political and diplomatic considerations, with the normalization of Sino-Japanese diplomatic relations, Japan has begun to provide government development assistance to China, which has made important contributions to China's economic development. The ODA itself has become a symbol of friendship between China and Japan. But after the end of the Cold War, differences between China and Japan on the ODA issue became apparent, and the mutual understanding of the two countries around the ODA became increasingly distant, which adversely affected Sino-Japanese relations. Japan's ODA to China, which has been implemented for nearly 30 years, has also officially declared "graduation". Through historical research and empirical analysis, this paper explores the position and role of ODA in the mutual cognition and political interaction between China and Japan, and analyzes it with the help of the theory of international relations. To promote the further development of Sino-Japanese relations to provide a theoretical basis. The first chapter mainly introduces the origin and motive of Japan's ODA to China. After the normalization of Sino-Japanese diplomatic relations, China voluntarily abandoned its claim for war against Japan, which caused a high response in Japan. Therefore, the ODA with the mentality of "gratitude" came into being. Japan's ODA to China not only contributed to the rapid development of the Chinese economy, but also greatly promoted Japan's own economic development. However, with the end of the Cold War, Japan's foreign policy readjustment has accelerated, and the ODA has gradually evolved into a tool for Japan to exert pressure on China and achieve its diplomatic goals, which has triggered a series of political frictions between the two countries. The second chapter focuses on the analysis of the current mutual cognition between China and Japan on the issue of ODA. From the Chinese perspective, the official understanding of ODA is an economic cooperation with compensatory mentality, while the private sector obviously knows very little about ODA. Even if they know, they think it is not necessary to publicize or thank Japan's ODA.While Japan sees ODA more as a diplomatic means that can realize Japan's national interests, it does not propagate with China and does not thank ODA. And worried that a long-term aid-growing China could pose a potential threat to Japan. On the basis of analyzing the mutual cognition of ODA between China and Japan, the third chapter explores the differences between China and Japan and the causes of cognitive differences, which can be attributed to the adjustment of Japan's own policy. There are several reasons for the different understanding of whether ODA is a substitute for war reparations, the propaganda of media opinion and the serious lack of mutual understanding and mutual trust between China and Japan. In the conclusion part, on the basis of the above facts and analysis, with the help of the theory of international relations, this paper deeply interprets the interaction between ODA and Sino-Japanese relations, and further excavates the important influence of mutual cognition on international relations. This paper looks forward to the future of Sino-Japanese relations in the post-ODA era.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D833.13

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