冷战后美国文化外交及其对中美关系的影响

发布时间：2018-03-28 00:18

本文选题：文化　切入点：文化外交　出处：《复旦大学》2010年博士论文

【摘要】：全球化的发展使人类社会的文化交流达到了前所未有的规模和程度,从而加速了文化与外交的结合,促成了文化外交的兴起和发展。文化外交对民族国家塑造国家形象、保证国家安全、追求现实利益都有积极作用。然而,如果文化外交推行不当,它也可能对民族国家产生不利影响。长期以来,美国之所以能够娴熟地使用文化外交争取国家利益,是和美国的政治思想传统、对外交往经验,以及各行为体的积极参与分不开的。美国的自由主义和保守主义思想是它推行文化外交政策的主要思想基础；美国长期推行的输出民主、海外传教、文化交流等活动,为它设计和实施文化外交政策积累了丰富的经验；美国官方机构、非政府组织、企业,以及公民个人的积极参与,为它的文化外交繁荣创造了条件。冷战结束后,美国更加注重在世界上输出其价值观和制度、扩大其文化产品出口。从纵向看,冷战后的美国文化外交实践可分为老布什时期、克林顿时期、小布什时期三个阶段。从横向看,冷战后的美国文化外交实践可区分为对发达国家的文化外交、对发展中国家的文化外交两大类型。冷战后的美国文化外交政策主要为它维护霸权地位、建构“理想世界秩序”的目标服务。文化交流也是中美关系的主要内容之一。中国一直是美国文化外交的重要方向。美国积极推行对华文化外交政策,不仅能够服务于两种社会制度和意识形态斗争的需要,还能够帮助美国应对中国发展给世界新秩序带来的挑战。所以,文化外交成为影响冷战后中美关系的重要因素。美国文化外交政策主要通过多边和双边途径影响中美关系的演变与发展。这种影响既有积极的一面,也有消极的一面。因此,中国应采取积极措施应对这种影响,并通过文化外交处理好中美关系。
[Abstract]:With the development of globalization, the cultural exchange of human society has reached an unprecedented scale and degree, which accelerates the combination of culture and diplomacy, and promotes the rise and development of cultural diplomacy. However, if cultural diplomacy is improperly carried out, it may also have a negative impact on the nation-state. For a long time, the reason why the United States has been able to skillfully use cultural diplomacy to fight for national interests is because of its political and ideological tradition and its experience in foreign exchanges. And the active participation of various actors is inseparable. The liberalism and conservatism of the United States are the main ideological basis for its cultural foreign policy; the US has long pursued activities such as export democracy, overseas missionary missions, cultural exchanges, and so on. It has accumulated rich experience in the design and implementation of cultural foreign policy, and the active participation of American official institutions, non-governmental organizations, enterprises, and individual citizens has created conditions for its cultural diplomacy to flourish. After the end of the Cold War, the United States paid more attention to exporting its values and systems in the world and expanding its cultural exports. From a vertical point of view, the practice of American cultural diplomacy after the cold war can be divided into Bush Sr. and Clinton's. Three stages of the Bush era. Horizontally, American cultural diplomacy practice after the cold war can be divided into cultural diplomacy for developed countries. The American cultural foreign policy after the cold war mainly serves to maintain its hegemonic position and to construct an "ideal world order". Cultural exchange is also one of the main contents of Sino-US relations. China has always been an important direction of American cultural diplomacy. The United States actively pursues its cultural foreign policy towards China, which not only serves the needs of the struggle between the two social systems and ideologies. It can also help the United States meet the challenges that China's development poses to the new world order. Cultural diplomacy has become an important factor influencing Sino-US relations after the Cold War. The United States' cultural foreign policy has influenced the evolution and development of Sino-US relations mainly through multilateral and bilateral channels. China should take positive measures to deal with this kind of influence, and handle the relations well through cultural diplomacy.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：G171.2;D822.371.2

【引证文献】