中美关系30年特点比较与思考

发布时间：2018-03-29 02:36

本文选题：中美关系　切入点：30年　出处：《内蒙古大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 中美关系作为当今世界上最重要、最富活力以及最为复杂的双边关系,自1979年两国建交以来的30年,在中美双方共同努力下,中美关系不断取得积极进展并日臻成熟。30年来,中美关系的发展已今非昔比,两国关系从最初的安全上的战略需求到经济上的相互依赖再到今天的多领域、多层次、多面向的交流合作,中美关系呈现出愈益多彩的景观。但由于中美两国政治制度、发展模式、意识形态和历史文化传统不同,中美两国关系发展依然受到世界总体形势、各自国内政治、文化因素以及台湾、人权、经贸等问题的制约和影响。总之,今天中美关系的内涵、领域、任务特别是特点已经发生了较大的变化。而中美关系能否持续、健康的发展又受到这些变化的深刻影响,然而也只有深刻把握中美关系特点的变化,才能更加有的放矢的推动中美关系健康持续的发展。正是基于这样的认识,本文就以中美建交30年为背景,以中美建交30年的特点变化为研究重点,对中美关系30年来的变化进行了剖析,并在此基础上对中美关系的发展进行了思考。希冀能为中美关系的发展提供一点政策建议与参考。本文正文分四个部分：第一部分主要阐述了中美关系自建交发展至今天呈现出的基本特点。重点分析了中美关系所呈现出的大国性、差异性、复杂性、全球性特点。第二部分主要对中美关系30年特点进行了5个方面的比较研究。作为本文研究重点与难点,本部分采用比较分析、案例分析等方法对发展中美关系的出发点与动力、中美关系的社会基础、中美关系机制化建设、中美关系定位、中美关系依存度进行了详细比较。第三部分在第二部分的基础上,针对中美关系30年所发生的变化,得出了一些启示。包括全局长远的战略观是发展中美两国建设性合作关系的关键；持续扩大的共同利益是维系中美关系的坚实基础；尊重和照顾彼此核心利益是中美关系稳定发展的首要原则；创新对话合作的体制机制是中美关系深入发展的重要平台；民间友好交往是推动中美关系持久发展的不竭动力五个方面。第四部分主要论述了发展中美关系面临的现实问题与挑战。这些挑战主要包括台湾问题、经济贸易问题、人权民主等价值观问题、国内政治问题以及战略互信问题。由于个人主观偏好,使得论证过程中难免带着个人的主观意愿,特别是建交30年来中美特点的变化以及中国对美国释放的善意,以及对于美国方面的真实反映,由于资料限制以及学术视野的狭窄,可能忽略许多精妙之点,这一空缺只能留待以后补上。
[Abstract]:As the most important, dynamic and complex bilateral relationship in the world today, Sino-US relations have made continuous positive progress and matured over the past 30 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries in 1979, thanks to the joint efforts of the two countries. The development of Sino-US relations has changed from the initial strategic needs of security to the interdependence of the economy to the multi-field, multi-level, multi-oriented exchanges and cooperation today. Sino-US relations are showing an increasingly colorful landscape. However, due to the differences in the political systems, development models, ideology, and historical and cultural traditions between China and the United States, the development of Sino-US relations is still subject to the overall world situation and their respective domestic politics. Cultural factors, as well as the constraints and influences of Taiwan, human rights, economic and trade issues. In short, the connotation, fields, and tasks of Sino-US relations have changed considerably today, especially in terms of their characteristics. But can Sino-US relations be sustainable? The healthy development is also deeply affected by these changes. However, only by profoundly grasping the changes in the characteristics of Sino-US relations, can we more purposefully promote the healthy and sustainable development of Sino-US relations. It is precisely based on this understanding, Based on the background of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States in the past 30 years and the changes in the characteristics of the three decades since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States, this paper analyzes the changes in Sino-US relations over the past 30 years. On this basis, the author thinks about the development of Sino-US relations and hopes to provide some policy suggestions and references for the development of Sino-US relations. The text of this paper is divided into four parts:. The first part mainly expounds the basic characteristics of Sino-US relations from the establishment of diplomatic relations to the present day, focusing on the analysis of the characteristics of great power, difference, complexity and globality of Sino-US relations. The second part mainly makes a comparative study on the characteristics of the relationship between China and the United States over the past 30 years. As the focus and difficulty of this paper, this part uses comparative analysis, case analysis and other methods to develop the starting point and motive force of Sino-US relations. The social foundation of Sino-US relations, the institutional construction of Sino-US relations, the orientation of Sino-US relations, and the dependence of Sino-US relations are compared in detail. On the basis of the second part, the third part draws some enlightenment from the changes that have taken place in Sino-US relations over the past 30 years, including the overall long-term strategic view is the key to the development of the constructive cooperative relationship between China and the United States; Continuous expansion of common interests is the solid foundation for maintaining Sino-US relations; respecting and taking care of each other's core interests is the primary principle for the stable development of Sino-US relations; innovating the institutional mechanism of dialogue and cooperation is an important platform for the in-depth development of Sino-US relations; Folk friendly exchanges are the inexhaustible motive force to promote the lasting development of Sino-American relations. The fourth part mainly discusses the practical problems and challenges facing the development of Sino-US relations. These challenges mainly include the Taiwan issue, economic and trade issues, human rights democracy and other values issues, domestic political issues and strategic mutual trust issues. As a result of personal subjective preferences, it is inevitable that the process of argumentation will be accompanied by individual subjective wishes, especially the changes in the characteristics of China and the United States since the establishment of diplomatic relations 30 years ago, the goodwill that China has released towards the United States, and the true reflection of the United States. Because of data constraints and narrow academic horizons, many subtle points may be overlooked, leaving the gap to be filled later.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D822.3

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