后萨达姆时代美国对伊政策研究

发布时间：2018-03-31 12:09

本文选题：美国　切入点：伊拉克　出处：《华东师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 2003年5月1日,“自由伊拉克行动”结束后,美国总统布什宣布了伊拉克战争主要军事行动的结束,伊拉克进入了后萨达姆时代。继战争结束后,伊拉克国内局势动荡,恐怖主义活动和起义叛乱持续不断,引起国际社会的高度关注。后萨达姆时代的伊拉克,政治形势错综复杂,形成了什叶派、库尔德人以及逊尼派三大政治势力。较之萨达姆统治时期,什叶派和库尔德人的政治地位得到了提高,而逊尼派则几乎被“边缘化”。后萨达姆时代美国的对伊政策从来不是一成不变的。其对伊政策随着伊拉克境内局势的转变以及美国政府的战略需要,不断的做出调整。美国对伊政策的动机不仅仅是为了进行中东地区的民主改造计划,在本质上也是为了能够最大程度地维护美国的安全战略利益。后萨达姆时代,美国的对伊政策取得了一些进展。伊拉克国内的政治、经济、文化都有所发展,但是,伊拉克目前的居室局势仍然危机四伏,恐怖爆炸活动仍然时有发生,伊拉克的未来依然存在着许多变数,前途依然不容乐观。概括的来说,后萨达姆时代美国对伊政策实施的困境主要包含以下四点：首先,联军临时权力机构自身就存在着许多政策失误；其次,战后的伊拉克局势极为混乱,而且部分伊拉克人民对美国政府持敌视态度并不支持美国所主导的民主；再次,伊拉克缺乏民主的文化传统,伊拉克伊斯兰教文化传统根深蒂固而且国家认同意识淡薄；最后,中东地区的政治文化环境错综复杂。伊拉克战后重建工作,不可能一蹴而就,今后的重建历程还任重而道远。今后,美国无论是任何政党在行政和立法中战局主要地位,都无法完全摆脱美国所要承担的伊拉克经济、政治,军事重建的使命。
[Abstract]:On May 1, 2003, after the end of "Operation Free Iraq," US President Bush announced the end of the major military operations in the Iraq War, and Iraq entered the post-Saddam era. After the end of the war, the internal situation in Iraq was turbulent. Terrorist activities and insurgent uprisings have continued, which has aroused the high attention of the international community. In post-Saddam era Iraq, the political situation is complicated and Shia has been formed. The three major political forces of Kurds and Sunnis. Shiite and Kurdish political status has improved compared with Saddam Hussein's rule, while Sunnis have almost been "marginalized." In the post-Saddam era, the United States' policy towards Iraq has never been static. Its policy towards Iraq has changed with the situation in Iraq and the strategic needs of the US government. The motivation of American policy toward Iraq is not only to carry out the democratic reform plan in the Middle East, but also to maximize the security strategic interests of the United States. In the post-Saddam era, the US policy towards Iraq has made some progress. Iraq's domestic politics, economy and culture have developed somewhat. However, the present situation in Iraq is still in danger, and terrorist bombings still occur from time to time. There are still many variables in Iraq's future, and the future is still not optimistic. To sum up, the plight of the post-Saddam era US policy towards Iraq mainly includes the following four points: first, The Coalition Provisional Authority itself has made many policy mistakes; secondly, the post-war situation in Iraq is extremely chaotic, and some Iraqi people are hostile to the United States Government and do not support US-led democracy; and again, Iraq lacks the democratic cultural tradition, the Islamic cultural tradition of Iraq is deeply rooted and the national identity consciousness is weak; finally, the political and cultural environment in the Middle East is complicated. The reconstruction of Iraq after the war cannot be accomplished overnight. The course of reconstruction in the future will have a long way to go. In the future, no matter any political party in the United States will play a major role in the war in the executive and legislative branches, Can't completely get rid of the Iraqi economic, political, military reconstruction mission that the United States must undertake.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D871.2

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