中美气候变化合作及其影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 13:37

本文选题：气候变化　切入点：中美合作　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：全球变暖已成为既定事实,各国气候安全面临不确定性,气候灾害风险增加。在此背景下全球气候治理正在稳步推进,达成了开启治理新篇章的《巴黎气候协定》。中美作为世界应对气候变化最为关键的两个国家,其一举一动都牵扯到气候治理的成效与命运。2009年美国就任总统奥巴马宣布积极的绿色转型,中美进入了气候变化合作突飞猛进的阶段。这一时期气候变化合作议题的重要性得到提升,由两国元首亲自发起倡议并多次发表共同声明;合作机制落地并呈现多元化特征,畅通了两国沟通与合作的渠道;合作内容扩大,既有政策协调又有学术、商业项目,取得了丰硕成果。中美气候变化合作是两国气候政策转变与利益交汇的结果,既有其必然性也具有可能性。环境脆弱性与紧迫感、抢占低碳经济发展先机、促进能源转型维护能源安全、树立良好的国家形象与国际声誉以及国际社会压力与扩大治理领导权的动力都是推动两国在这一问题上转型与合作的必然因素。而两国在清洁能源范畴的共同利益与互补利益也为其提供了可能。两国的气候变化合作对双边关系以及全球治理均产生了深刻影响。中美两国在政治与安全领域存在很深的结构性矛盾,而在气候变化这一非传统安全领域的合作则作为改善中美关系的切入点,有助于两国扩大共同利益、建立稳定畅通的沟通渠道并逐步建立战略互信,成为两国疏解紧张关系的空间。鉴于两国在全球气候治理中的关键地位,中美两国的合作发挥了大国应有的领导力,改善了集体行动中公共产品供应不足的问题,推动治理成效提升、治理进程的推进,为各国起到积极示范作用。特朗普时代中美气候变化合作面临着不确定性,本文预测特朗普政府的消极气候政策将会对双边合作与多边治理产生负面影响,但是低碳发展已成为必然趋势,特朗普的气候政策难以大幅倒退。中美气候变化合作已经成为两国共同的政治遗产,尽管面临不确定性,中美两国的气候合作仍可以也应该继续下去。如何化解可能的挑战,继续发挥这一议题的价值将考验两国领导人的智慧。
[Abstract]:Global warming has become a fait accompli. Climate security faces uncertainty and climate disaster risk increases.In this context, global climate governance is steadily advancing, reaching the Paris Climate Agreement, which opens a new chapter in governance.China and the United States, the two most critical countries in the world's response to climate change, are all involved in the effectiveness and fate of climate governance. In 2009, the United States took office as President Obama announced a positive green transition.China and the United States have entered a phase of rapid progress in climate change cooperation.In this period, the importance of climate change cooperation has been raised, and the two heads of state have launched initiatives and issued joint statements on many occasions; the cooperation mechanism has landed on the ground and has diversified features, thus unblocking the channels of communication and cooperation between the two countries;Cooperation has expanded, both policy coordination and academic, commercial projects, has achieved fruitful results.Climate change cooperation between China and the United States is the result of climate policy transformation and the convergence of interests between the two countries, which has both inevitability and possibility.Environmental vulnerability and sense of urgency to seize the first opportunity for low-carbon economic development, to promote energy transformation to maintain energy security,Establishing a good national image and international reputation as well as the pressure of the international community and the power of expanding governance leadership are the inevitable factors to promote the transformation and cooperation between the two countries on this issue.And the common interests and complementary interests of the two countries in the field of clean energy also provide the possibility.Climate change cooperation between the two countries has had a profound impact on bilateral relations and global governance.China and the United States have deep structural contradictions in the field of politics and security, while cooperation in climate change, a non-traditional security field, serves as a starting point for improving Sino-US relations and helps the two countries expand their common interests.Establishing stable and smooth communication channels and gradually establishing strategic mutual trust has become the space to ease tensions between the two countries.In view of the critical position of the two countries in global climate governance, the cooperation between China and the United States has provided the leadership that the major countries should have, improved the problem of inadequate supply of public goods in collective action, and contributed to the improvement of governance effectiveness and the advancement of the governance process.For countries to play an active role in demonstration.This paper predicts that the negative climate policy of the Trump administration will have a negative impact on bilateral cooperation and multilateral governance, but low-carbon development has become an inevitable trend.Trump's climate policy is hard to reverse.Climate change cooperation between China and the United States has become a common legacy of the two countries, and despite the uncertainty, climate cooperation between China and the United States can and should continue.How to resolve the possible challenges and continue to use the value of this issue will test the wisdom of both leaders.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P467;D822.371.2

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