比较中印当代发展中的政治制度选择

发布时间：2018-04-02 13:08

本文选题：政治制度　切入点：现代化　出处：《天津师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 中国和印度是世界两个重量级的文明古国和大国,两国在很多方面有着相似之处。独立之后,中国选择了以人民民主专政的社会主义制度为国体,以人民代表大会制度为政体,二者共同构成我国的根本的政治制度。而印度则是选择仿效西方的资本主义民主政治,实行议会民主制。这样一来中印两国就在都曾遭受过殖民掠夺,都缺乏民主法制基础的相似的大前提下进行了不同基本政治制度的选择。但是,几乎是同取得了民族独立的中印两国,在经历了当代的改革与发展之后,在经济实力上显现出明显的差距,对于这一问题本文将原因归结为中印两国在当代发展中所作的不同的政治制度的选择,即将政治制度体系的架构与安排看成是一个动态选择的过程,继而借助于中央与地方、决策与执行、选举与民主、合作与竞争这四个关系层面,对中印两国在当代改革和发展过程中政治制度的架构和安排以及所产生的功能与作用进行了介绍和比较。并最终将中印两国做出不同选择的原因归结为历史和现实两个方面的影响,即不同的历史和现实原因导致了中印两国在当代发展中所做的政治制度的设计、选择以及安排、调整上的不同。中印两国在经历了半个世纪多的改革与发展之后,所呈现的经济、政治、文化以及社会等方面的现状,产生的巨大差异不由得会引发我们对于很多问题的思考。进行政治制度的选择和架构必须立足本国国情、正确看待效率问题是顺利推进改革的重要方面、政治稳定是国家和社会获得良性发展先决条件、独立自主与创新是国家自主发展和提升国际竞争力的关键是本文最后得出的结论和启示。
[Abstract]:China and India is the world's two heavyweight civilization and great powers, the two countries are similar in many respects. After independence, China has chosen the people's democratic dictatorship and the socialist system as the state system, the people's Congress system of government, the two together constitute China's fundamental political system. India is a choice follow the western capitalist democracy, parliamentary democracy. China and India have suffered in the colonial plunder, the lack of the basic political system of different choice of democracy and the rule of law based similar premise.
However, with China and India is almost achieved national independence, after the reform and development of contemporary, showing an obvious gap in economic strength, for this problem will be attributed to China and India made in the contemporary development of different political systems, political system architecture and soon as the system is a dynamic process of choice, and then with the help of the central and local governments, decision making and implementation, elections and democracy, cooperation and competition relationship between these four levels of China and India in the process of reform and development of contemporary political system framework and arrangement and the function are introduced and compared and ultimately attributed the India made different choices for the two aspects of history and reality, different historical and realistic reasons resulting in India in the contemporary development of the The political system is designed, selected and arranged, and the adjustment is different.
China and India after the reform and development of more than half a century, the economic, political, cultural and social aspects of the status quo, huge differences can not help will lead us to think about the many problems. Selection and structure of political system must be based on national conditions, the correct view of efficiency is an important problem on the smooth progress of reform, the political stability of state and society is a prerequisite for the benign development, and independent innovation is the key of national independent development and enhance the international competitiveness of this paper is the conclusion and enlightenment.

【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D822.3

【参考文献】