“五不”政策:美国南海政策解读

发布时间：2018-04-02 14:15

本文选题：美国外交　切入点：中美关系　出处：《美国研究》2014年06期

【摘要】：针对纷争不断的南海主权争端,美国多年来形成了对主权争议不选边站队、反对妨碍航行自由、反对单方面改变现状的"三不"政策。但是近年来,随着菲律宾和越南等国不断在南海寻衅滋事,南海紧张局势持续升温。出于对中国崛起的疑惧,美国开始积极地介入和干预南海事务,在旧有的"三不"政策基础上,对其南海政策做出两项直接针对中国的调整,即反对以历史依据提出主权声索和反对以双边谈判的形式协商解决南海争端,从而形成了美国针对南海的"五不"政策框架。在实施"亚太再平衡"战略的背景下,美国日益偏离其对南海主权争议的"中立"立场,在偏袒菲律宾和越南等国挑衅行为的同时,公然挑战中国多年来坚持的南海政策立场,导致南海主权争端呈现出愈演愈烈之势。
[Abstract]:In response to the dispute over sovereignty over the South China Sea, the United States has for many years formed the "three noes" policy of not choosing sides for sovereignty disputes, opposing obstructing freedom of navigation and unilaterally changing the status quo.But tensions in the South China Sea have been rising in recent years as countries such as the Philippines and Vietnam continue to feud in the South China Sea.For fear of the rise of China, the United States began to actively intervene in and intervene in the affairs of the South China Sea. On the basis of the old "three noes" policy, it made two adjustments aimed directly at China's South China Sea policy.That is to say, it opposes the claim of sovereignty on the basis of history and the form of bilateral negotiation to resolve the dispute in the South China Sea through negotiation, thus forming the "five noes" policy framework of the United States for the South China Sea.Against the background of implementing the "Asia-Pacific rebalancing" strategy, the United States has increasingly deviated from its "neutral" position on the sovereignty dispute over the South China Sea. While favouring the provocative actions of the Philippines and Vietnam, the United States has openly challenged China's policy stance on the South China Sea for many years.As a result, the sovereignty dispute in the South China Sea is becoming more and more serious.
【作者单位】：复旦大学美国研究中心;复旦大学两岸关系和平发展协同创新中心;
【基金】：教育部新世纪优秀人才项目“中美战略博弈与东亚海洋争端之解决” 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“冲突与合作:中国海军战略转型与中美海上安全关系” 上海市“浦江人才计划”项目的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D871.2

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