十五“不征之国”新论——兼谈明太祖的地缘政治理念

发布时间：2018-04-06 00:11

本文选题：不征之国　切入点：武力　出处：《东南亚研究》2015年05期

【摘要】：明太祖在《皇明祖训》中将十五个国家列为永不征伐之国,然终洪武一朝,始终未曾刻意向诸国宣布过这一"不征"之论,反而在不同场合对其中多数国家透露过诉诸武力的意图。依交往方式的相似性,可将明朝与诸国的外交模式划分为三个层级进行探讨。其中朝鲜和日本位于第一层级,对其外交以绝对的武力威慑为后盾展开;大小琉球与印支半岛诸国为第二层级,对其交往以恩威并施、拉拢与防备并行为特点;其余国家位于第三层级,与其交往方式随局势的具体情况而变更。总体上呈现出距离越近,政治、军事与文化作用力越强,距离越远,经济力作用越强的特点。"不征之国"论只是针对子孙后代以及本朝官员进行行为约束的条文,并不是一种实践中的外交原则,然而这一思维模式以及三层级的外交框架,仍对后世外交理念产生了深远的影响。
[Abstract]:The Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty listed fifteen countries as countries that would never seek expedition, but at the end of Hongwu's reign, he never deliberately declared this theory of "no conquest" to all the countries.Instead, the intention to resort to force has been revealed to most of them on various occasions.According to the similarity of communication mode, the diplomatic model of Ming Dynasty and various countries can be divided into three levels.Among them, Korea and Japan are in the first level, their diplomacy is supported by absolute force deterrence, and the Ryukyu and the Indochina Peninsula countries are the second level.The rest of the countries are at the third level, and the way they interact with them varies according to the circumstances of the situation.In general, the closer the distance, the stronger the political, military and cultural forces, the farther the distance, the stronger the economic force. "The doctrine of "non-conquest" is only a provision that binds the conduct of future generations and officials of the current dynasty, and is not a diplomatic principle in practice, but this mode of thinking and a three-level diplomatic framework.It still had a profound influence on the diplomatic ideas of later generations.
【作者单位】：南开大学历史学院;
【分类号】：D829

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