论奥巴马政府时期美越关系的高速发展

发布时间：2018-04-06 02:00

  本文选题：美越关系　切入点：亚太再平衡　出处：《南京大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：2011年,美国奥巴马政府推出了全新的"亚太再平衡"政策。在这一政策的指导下,近年来美国不仅在努力强化其在亚洲原有的盟友关系,而且也同样重视发展同一些新兴亚太国家的联系。在这一过程中,美越关系的高速发展尤其值得我们注意。越南不仅仅是一个和美国具有不同意识形态的社会主义国家,而且从历史上来看,美越(北越)两国在半个世纪以前还进行过一场旷日持久的战争。直到1995年,美国才和越南建立了正式的外交关系,并且它们的双边关系在接下来的十几年中并没有显著进展。人权问题和一些越战遗留问题成为了阻碍美越双边关系进展的重大阻碍。然而,在奥巴马政府时期,美越关系取得了史无前例的进展。简单举例而言:2013年,美越建立了 "全面伙伴关系";2014年,美国宣布部分取消对于越南的致命武器禁运限令,这是美国历史上首次对一个社会主义国家放宽这一禁令;2015年,越共中央总书记阮富仲访问美国,庆贺美越建交二十周年,阮富仲成为越南历史上首位访美的越共中央总书记;作为回应,美国总统奥巴马于2016年5月到访越南,并宣布完全解除对越致命武器禁运限令,这标志着美越关系步入了 一个新阶段。近年来众多学者(例如宋清润(2015),Manyin,M.E.(2014))已经关注到了这个话题,但总体而言,他们中的大多数人并没有意识到美越关系进展的势头会如此迅猛,因为在他们看来,诸如人权问题和越战遗留问题等重要事件依然会阻挠美越关系的进展。因此,我们不禁疑问,美越关系如此高速进展,其背后的动因究竟为何?这一关系的进展对双方有何影响,对亚太区域又是否会产生一定震荡?作为域内大国,中国是否会受到美越关系进展的影响?基于以上问题,本文希望通过文献研究的方式,分析近年来美越关系的进展。毫无疑问,奥巴马政府时期的美越关系是一个新兴的国际政治研究主题。在当前亚太地区正在成为世界上最繁荣,最富有活力区域的背景下,美越关系的高速发展无疑会对区域内产生一定震荡。因此,研究美越关系对于进一步了解亚太地区政治也将会有所帮助。本文在研究以上问题的同时,也期望对中国外交起到针对性的建议作用。本文结构如下,全文共分为三大部分,六个章节:第一部分为背景介绍部分,包含论文介绍,文献综述和美越历史背景回顾三个内容;第二部分为论文的主体论述部分,在这一部分中我将奥巴马政府时期的美越关系新进展划分为三个主要内容:政治与安全联系,经济联系,民间联系。并将逐章对它们进行分析和论述。最后一个部分为结论部分,我将简要预测在新的特朗普政府下美越关系将会如何进展,并对全文内容进行总结。
[Abstract]:In 2011, the Obama administration launched a new "Asia-Pacific rebalancing" policy.Under the guidance of this policy, in recent years, the United States has not only made efforts to strengthen its existing allies in Asia, but also attached equal importance to developing ties with some emerging Asia-Pacific countries.In this process, the rapid development of the U. S.-Vietnam relationship is especially worthy of our attention.Vietnam is not only a socialist country with a different ideology from the United States, but also, historically, the two countries fought a protracted war half a century ago.It was not until 1995 that the United States established formal diplomatic relations with Vietnam, and their bilateral relations did not progress significantly for the next decade or so.The issue of human rights and some of the remaining issues of the Vietnam War have become a major obstacle to the progress of bilateral relations between the US and Vietnam.Under the Obama administration, however, relations between the US and Vietnam have made unprecedented progress.For example: in 2013, the United States and Vietnam established a "comprehensive partnership"; in 2014, the United States announced the partial lifting of the lethal arms embargo on Viet Nam, the first time in its history that the ban was relaxed against a socialist country; and in 2015,General Secretary of the CPV Central Committee Nguyen Phu Trong visited the United States to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the United States and Vietnam. Nguyen Phu Trong became the first General Secretary of the CPV Central Committee in Vietnamese history to visit the United States. In response, US President Barack Obama visited Vietnam in May 2016.The announcement of a complete lifting of the lethal arms embargo marks a new phase in US-Vietnam relations.In recent years, a number of scholars (such as Song Qingrun's 2015 Manyinan, M.E., 2014) have paid attention to this topic, but overall, most of them do not realize that the momentum of U.S.-Vietnam relations will progress so rapidly, because in their view,Important issues, such as human rights issues and Vietnam war legacies, will still thwart the progress of US-Vietnam relations.Therefore, we cannot help wondering what is behind the rapid progress in US-Vietnam relations.What is the impact of the progress of this relationship on both sides and will there be a certain shock to the Asia-Pacific region?As a major power in the region, will China be affected by the progress of US-Vietnam relations?Based on the above problems, this paper hopes to analyze the progress of the U.S.-Vietnam relationship in recent years through literature research.There is no doubt that the relationship between the US and Vietnam during the Obama administration was an emerging topic of international political research.At present, the Asia-Pacific region is becoming the most prosperous and dynamic region in the world.Therefore, the study of US-Vietnam relations will also be helpful to further understand the politics of the Asia-Pacific region.At the same time, this paper hopes to play a targeted role in China's diplomacy.The structure of this paper is as follows: the whole text is divided into three parts, six chapters: the first part is the background introduction, including the introduction of the paper, the literature review and the historical background review of the United States and Vietnam; the second part is the main part of the thesis.In this part, I divide the new developments in the Obama administration into three main areas: the political and security link, the economic link, and the private relationship.They will be analyzed and discussed chapter by chapter.The last part is the concluding part, where I will briefly predict how relations between the United States and Vietnam will progress under the new Trump administration and summarize the full text.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D871.2;D833.3
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本文编号：1717441