美元霸权的国际政治经济学探析

发布时间：2018-04-10 01:25

本文选题：美元霸权　切入点：特里芬困境　出处：《吉林大学》2010年博士论文

【摘要】： 货币是经济的命脉,经济是综合国力的基础。要了解一个国家的实力,就必须了解它的货币。在一个由个别或者少数国家货币占主导地位的世界,不了解这个或这些国家的货币,无法准确评估发行国的经济实力和综合国力,而这些恰恰主宰着世界范围内大国权力的分配和此消彼长,无法从根本上把握这个世界的经济和政治格局的演变。第二次世界大战后,美国世界霸权开始建立,其基础是经济霸权,而经济霸权确立的支柱之一是源于美元强势地位的建立和以布雷顿森林体系、牙买加体系为主导的美元霸权体系的最终确立,这为美国称霸世界提供了坚实的货币霸权基础。在21世纪初期,尤其席卷世界范围的经济危机出现后,美元坚挺地位松动,美元霸权体系日渐衰落已不可避免,因此,美国霸权护持战略的基础便是美元霸权体系的重振和护持。当代的经济危机已经使世界越来越多的国家意识到美元霸权危机的出现,其固有弊端无穷,美元作为现有唯一的世界储备货币始终无法做到在为世界提供流动性的同时确保币值的稳定,“特里芬困境”始终存在。作为一种国际储备及计价货币,美元并非仅是政治角力的结果,而更多是市场选择的使然。以美元为中心的国际货币体系是通过一系列条约来实现的。它是通过美国向全球提供市场开放的方式来实现的,而美国金融市场的效率支持了美元国际化。当然,美元作为国际货币,更重要的还在于美国国家经济竞争力,在于美国综合国力,美元霸权支配美国霸权。 1973年随着美国放弃金本位制,布雷顿森林体系解体。然而,美元霸权并没有因此瓦解,美元依然是世界唯一合法性储备货币,充当国际结算的唯一货币单位。美元的独特性使美国获得极大的市场利益,占据有利于自身的世界资源。在巩固美国霸权的同时压制了其他经济体平等共享世界资源,抑制世界经济均衡发
[Abstract]:Money is the lifeblood of the economy, and the economy is the basis of comprehensive national strength.To understand a country's strength, one must know its currency.In a world dominated by the currencies of individual or few countries, it is impossible to accurately assess the economic strength and overall national strength of the issuing countries without knowing the currencies of this or these countries.And these just dominate the distribution of power in the world, unable to fundamentally grasp the evolution of the world's economic and political structure.After the second World War, American world hegemony began to be established, which was based on economic hegemony, and one of the pillars of economic hegemony was the establishment of the strong position of the dollar and the Bretton Woods system.The final establishment of the dollar hegemony system dominated by the Jamaican system provides a solid monetary hegemony foundation for the United States to dominate the world.In the early 21st century, especially after the worldwide economic crisis emerged, the strong position of the dollar loosened, the decline of the dollar hegemony system is inevitable, therefore,The foundation of American hegemonic defense strategy is the revival and preservation of US dollar hegemony system.The contemporary economic crisis has made more and more countries in the world aware of the emergence of the hegemonic crisis of the United States dollar, with its inherent drawbacks,The dollar, as the world's only reserve currency, has never been able to provide liquidity to the world while ensuring stability, and the Triffin dilemma remains.As an international reserve and currency, the dollar is not just the result of political wrangling, but more of a market choice.The dollar-centric international monetary system is achieved through a series of treaties.It is achieved through the opening up of U.S. markets to the world, and the efficiency of U.S. financial markets supports the internationalisation of the dollar.Of course, as an international currency, the dollar also depends more importantly on the national economic competitiveness of the United States, the overall national strength of the United States, and the hegemony of the dollar dominating the hegemony of the United States.The Bretton Woods system fell apart in 1973 as the United States abandoned the gold standard.However, the hegemony of the dollar has not collapsed. The dollar remains the world's only legitimate reserve currency and serves as the only currency unit for international settlement.The uniqueness of the dollar allows the United States to gain great market benefits and occupy its own world resources.While consolidating US hegemony, it suppresses the equal sharing of world resources among other economies and inhibits the balanced development of the world economy.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D80

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