西班牙裔移民与美国民族身份认同

发布时间：2018-04-11 16:42

本文选题：西班牙裔 + 美国　；参考：《四川外国语大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在当今美国社会,西班牙裔美国人长期遭遇来自美国社会方方面面的歧视,而新任第45届美国总统唐纳德·特朗普刚一上任便在移民政策上发难,即限制移民,然而此等发难表面上针对违法少数族裔移民,实际上引发少数族裔的恐慌,其中西班牙裔移民中的墨西哥裔移民更是首当其冲。在此大背景的背后是随着近几十年西班牙裔移民的人口急剧增加,引发美国保守精英阶层对其自身族裔统治地位的担忧,便借西班牙裔移民的民族差异性,及其相关社会属性比如受教育水平,经济能力,高犯罪率来做文章,所以他们认为西班牙裔移民对美国社会是威胁,进而对美国国家身份认同起到分裂的威胁,同时他们不认为西班牙裔移民群体会融入到美国社会。而笔者通过深入研究发现,首先,西班牙裔移民自身的民族属性是合理的,尤其是在当今以多元文化主义思潮背景下的美国,美国民族身份认同就应该是更加广义层面上的。其次,很多合理的民族差异性被盲目夸大为对美国民族认同的分裂。再次,笔者特别从西班牙裔美国人内部因素和外部社会环境考察,认为西班牙裔美国人在近半个世纪自身的进步是极为显著,而恰恰是不平等的美国社会体系威胁西班牙裔移民的生存,而其带来的身心危害对西班牙裔移民融入美国社会是一种阻碍,而这种不平等体系由少数担忧的保守精英阶层建立,又影响了美国主流社会人群的想法,这种担忧的想法就是一种针对西班牙裔移民的新种族主义,就是种族歧视。进而这种群体思想又上升到法律层面,从而形成了不良循环。总之,本文意为西班牙裔美国人正名,彻底反驳西班牙裔美国人是未来美国内部民族认同分裂驱动力的谬论。西班牙裔美国人在美国经济,教育上都是取得进步的为美国社会做出贡献。
[Abstract]:In today's American society, Hispanics have long been subject to discrimination from all aspects of American society, and the new 45th president, Donald Trump, has struggled with immigration policy as soon as he took office, namely, restrictions on immigration.But such attacks, ostensibly directed at illegal minority immigrants, have actually triggered panic among minorities, with Mexicans among Hispanic immigrants bearing the brunt.Behind this background is the ethnic diversity of Hispanic immigrants, as the population of Hispanic immigrants has increased dramatically in recent decades, causing concern among the conservative elite in the United States about their ethnic dominance.And related social attributes such as education, economic ability, and high crime rates, so they think Hispanic immigrants are a threat to American society, and thus to the United States' national identity.At the same time, they do not believe that Hispanic immigrants will be integrated into American society.The author finds that, first of all, the national identity of Hispanic immigrants is reasonable, especially in the United States under the background of multiculturalism, American national identity should be on a broader level.Secondly, many reasonable national differences are blindly exaggerated as the division of American national identity.Thirdly, from the perspective of the internal factors and the external social environment of Hispanic Americans, the author thinks that the progress of Hispanic Americans in the past half century is extremely remarkable.It is precisely the unequal American social system that threatens the survival of Hispanic immigrants, and the physical and mental harm it poses to the integration of Hispanic immigrants into American society, which is set up by a small number of worried conservative elites.It also influenced mainstream American thinking, a new racism against Hispanic immigrants and racial discrimination.Then this kind of group thought rises to the legal level again, thus formed the bad circulation.In a word, this paper means Hispanic Americans to correct their name and refute the fallacy that Hispanic Americans are the driving force of the future split of national identity in the United States.Hispanic Americans have made progress in the American economy and education, contributing to American society.
【学位授予单位】：四川外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D855.1;D771.2

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