朝核问题六方会谈中国多边外交政策分析

发布时间：2018-04-18 22:25

本文选题：朝核问题 + 多边外交　；参考：《清华大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：自1989年法国民间卫星发现朝鲜宁边核设施以来,朝鲜核问题从此成为了东北亚地区安全问题的核心话题之一。而作为利益有关方,中国在朝核问题上的态度经历了两次大幅度的转变。1993年第一次朝核危机爆发时,中国的基本态度是不介入与不干涉。中国力促朝美双方的直接谈判,认为此举可以实现朝核问题的和平解决。1994年10月,朝美双方达成日内瓦《框架协议》,朝核问题似乎已获圆满解决。但2003年,第二次朝核危机爆发,朝鲜半岛顷刻间进入了异常紧张的态势。美国小布什政府的单边主义外交、朝鲜强烈捍卫金正日政权的决心以及中国胡温政府的登台执政等诸多因素都促使中国开始认真思考以往的外交政策。经过第一次朝核危机的教训,中国也认识到这些问题的顺利解决需要多边外交与多边机制。在复杂的东北亚各国国家利益冲突下,中国领导人认为,多边外交有利于降低区域内军事冲突的可能性,并在各方达成共识的基础上推动朝核问题的圆满解决。而且,多边机制的约束能够防止朝鲜再次破坏核框架协议的意图并使其获得周边国家的信赖。第二次朝核危机以后,中国在朝核问题上前所未见推进了多边外交,具体表现为积极推动六方会谈的多边机制。从内部的驱动因素来看,中国共产党中央领导集体对国际格局的认知及判断的变化引起了中国对外战略和政策的变化。冷战结束以后,国际格局发生了重大变化,中共时代观的改变在很大程度上影响到中国多边外交政策的形成。通过对朝核问题六方会谈的有效分析,可以了解中国政府推行多边外交的主要动因及其影响。随着中国经济的快速增长及综合国力的迅速提高,中国将越来越多的在地区和国际事务中采用多边外交。朝核问题六方会谈机制的创立及发展就是中国实行东北亚地区多边外交的实例。因此,通过对朝核问题六方会谈中国多边外交政策动因及其影响的深刻分析,不仅可以全面了解近年来中国在东北亚地区开展多边外交的脉络,而且可以深入地探寻多边外交与国家利益之间的关系。
[Abstract]:Since 1989, when the French folk satellite discovered the Yongbyon nuclear facility in North Korea, the North Korean nuclear issue has become one of the core topics of security issues in Northeast Asia.As a stakeholder, China's attitude on the North Korean nuclear issue has undergone two big changes. When the first North Korean nuclear crisis broke out in 1993, China's basic attitude was non-intervention and non-interference.China strongly urges direct talks between the DPRK and the United States, believing that this can achieve a peaceful settlement of the DPRK nuclear issue. In October 1994, the DPRK and the United States reached the Geneva Framework Agreement, and the DPRK nuclear issue seems to have been satisfactorily resolved.But in 2003, the second North Korean nuclear crisis broke out, the Korean peninsula immediately entered an unusually tense situation.The unilateral diplomacy of the Bush administration, the strong determination of North Korea to defend Kim Jong-il 's regime, and the arrival of China's Huwen administration all urge China to seriously reflect on its previous foreign policy.After the lessons of the first North Korean nuclear crisis, China also recognizes that the smooth resolution of these problems requires multilateral diplomacy and multilateral mechanisms.Under the complicated conflicts of national interests of Northeast Asian countries, Chinese leaders believe that multilateral diplomacy is conducive to reducing the possibility of military conflicts in the region and promoting a satisfactory resolution of the North Korean nuclear issue on the basis of consensus reached by all parties.Moreover, a multilateral regime would prevent North Korea from undermining the nuclear framework again and gaining the trust of its neighbors.After the second North Korea nuclear crisis, China has never advanced multilateral diplomacy on the North Korean nuclear issue, as shown by the multilateral mechanism for actively promoting the six-party talks.From the internal driving factors, the changes of the cognition and judgment of the central leadership of the Communist Party of China to the international structure have caused the change of China's foreign strategy and policy.Since the end of the Cold War, great changes have taken place in the international structure, and the change of the view of the times of the CPC has greatly affected the formation of China's multilateral foreign policy.Through the effective analysis of the six-party talks on the North Korean nuclear issue, we can understand the main motives and influence of the Chinese government in pursuing multilateral diplomacy.With the rapid growth of China's economy and the rapid improvement of its comprehensive national strength, China will adopt more and more multilateral diplomacy in regional and international affairs.The establishment and development of the six-party talks on the DPRK nuclear issue is an example of China's multilateral diplomacy in Northeast Asia.Therefore, through a profound analysis of the causes and effects of China's multilateral foreign policy in the six-party talks on the DPRK nuclear issue, we can not only fully understand the context of China's multilateral diplomacy in Northeast Asia in recent years.The relationship between multilateral diplomacy and national interests can also be explored in depth.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D822.3

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