李明博政府实用主义对朝政策与韩朝关系研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 05:04

本文选题：李明博政府 + 实用主义外交　；参考：《延边大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：朝鲜半岛南北关系是关乎东北亚安全的核心问题。朝鲜半岛南北关系问题即是过去冷战历史的结果,同时也是朝鲜半岛南北双方力量角逐的“战场”,可以说一个政策的变动、一位首脑的更替、一个偶发事件的发生都可能成为影响韩朝关系稳定的关节点。 2008年2月25日,李明博就任韩国第17届总统。新政府执政后,一改民主改革派十年来的“和解合作”的对朝包容政策,提出了以国家利益为中心的实用主义外交政策,在外交政策上更加注重“同盟与实力”,试图对朝鲜推行强硬政策来实现朝鲜半岛无核化和推进半岛统一的政策目标。李明博实用主义外交政策体现了李明博政府的执政理念,这一新政策的实施影响了朝鲜半岛的南北关系以及东北亚地区安全与稳定。李明博政府实用主义外交政策追求以强化韩美同盟关系、开启对日关系“新思维”、调整对朝政策、奉行“有限度”的平衡外交为主要内容。执政4年来,其外交政策在实施过程却经历了一波三折,特别是对朝推行的“无核、开放、3000”的强硬政策受到了朝鲜方面的强烈抗议,为表达不满朝鲜切断了与韩国的所有对话,驱逐了韩国常驻开城工业园区南北合作事务所的11名官员,后期又发生了震惊全世界的“天安舰”、“延坪岛炮击”等事件,加剧了韩朝之间双边关系的紧张,朝核问题的六方会谈陷入僵局,导致了东北亚地区安全紧张局势进一步升级,使得一度升温的韩朝关系迅速骤冷,达到剑拔弩张境地。李明博政府的实用主义对朝政策同卢武铉政府时期的对朝政策相比具有鲜明的现实性。其表现为一是通过强化韩美同盟,恢复美日韩协调机制获得对朝鲜施压的资本；二是通过把韩中关系、韩俄关系提升到“战略伙伴关系”的水平,在经济、政治、外交、安保、国防等各领域扩大同中俄两国的实质性合作,为进一步扩展和推行对朝强硬政策争取战略空间。目前的韩朝关系相比卢武铉政府时期的韩朝关系较为动荡不定,但展望未来“韩朝对话、合作与共同繁荣”仍是韩朝关系发展的主流,韩朝关系终究在曲折中不断前进。
[Abstract]:The North-South relationship on the Korean Peninsula is the core issue related to the security of Northeast Asia. The issue of North-South relations on the Korean Peninsula is not only the result of the history of the cold war in the past, but also the "battlefield" in which the forces of the North and South of the Korean Peninsula compete. It can be said that there is a change in policy and the replacement of a head of state. The occurrence of an accidental incident can become a key point affecting the stability of inter-Korean relations. On February 25, 2008, Lee Myung-bak became the 17 th President of South Korea. After the new government came into power, it changed the policy of "reconciliation and cooperation" of the democratic reformists over the past ten years and put forward a pragmatic foreign policy centered on national interests, and paid more attention to "alliance and strength" in foreign policy. Trying to carry out a tough policy toward North Korea to realize the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and promote the reunification of the peninsula. The pragmatic foreign policy of Lee Myung-bak embodies the governing idea of Lee Myung-bak 's government. The implementation of this new policy has affected the North-South relations on the Korean Peninsula and the security and stability of Northeast Asia. Lee Myung-bak 's pragmatic foreign policy aims at strengthening the alliance between South Korea and the United States, opening up a "new thinking" on relations with Japan, adjusting his policy towards North Korea, and pursuing "limited" balanced diplomacy. During the four years in power, its foreign policy has undergone a series of twists and turns. In particular, North Korea's strong policy of "no nuclear weapons, opening up to 3000" has been strongly protested by the DPRK. In order to express their dissatisfaction that North Korea has cut off all dialogue with South Korea, expelled 11 officials from South Korea's permanent North-South cooperation firm in Kaesong Industrial Park, there were incidents such as "Cheonan" and "Yeonpyeong Island shelling" that shocked the world later. Heightened tensions between the two Koreas and deadlocked six-party talks on the North Korean nuclear issue have led to a further escalation of security tensions in Northeast Asia, leading to a rapid and sharp cooling of once heated relations between the two Koreas and a tense situation. The pragmatism of Lee Myung-bak 's policy towards North Korea is quite realistic compared with that of Roh Moo-hyun 's administration. The first is to gain the capital to exert pressure on North Korea by strengthening the Korea-US alliance and restoring the coordination mechanism between the United States, Japan and South Korea; and the other is to raise the Korea-China relationship to the level of "strategic partnership" in economic, political, diplomatic, and security. To expand substantive cooperation with China and Russia in various fields such as national defense, and to gain strategic space for further expansion and implementation of the tough policy toward the DPRK. The current inter-Korean relations are more volatile than those of Roh Moo-hyun 's administration, but looking forward to the future "inter-Korean dialogue, cooperation and common prosperity" is still the mainstream of the development of inter-Korean relations.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D831.26

【参考文献】