美国对外经济政策的三种路径分析

发布时间：2018-04-29 06:37

本文选题：美国对外经济政策 + 体系中心论　；参考：《华东师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：第一次世界大战尤其是第二次世界大战后,随着美国经济实力的不断增长,它在世界经济体系格局中的地位越发重要,美国采取的许多对外经济行为,无论是贸易、技术转移还是金融政策都对体系中的其他国家以及美国国内的政治经济产生了深刻的影响,所以美国的对外经济政策已经成为国内外国际政治经济学和比较政治经济学研究关注的一个重要课题。本文通过层次分析方法,把国外政治经济学学者们对美国对外经济政策的众多分析,归纳为三种研究路径,即体系中心论、社会中心论和国家中心论,各种研究路径下又产生了一些具体的解释模式。这三种研究路径分别揭示了影响美国对外经济政策的各种不同变量。具体来说,体系中心论强调从国际政治经济体系的结构性特征,探究美国对外经济政策的外部根源,认为国际权力分配、国际制度环境、相互依赖等体系性因素,对美国对外经济政策的制定过程起到了决定性作用；社会中心论强调美国国内社会因素对其国际经济政策的影响,认为国内私人利益集团、社会观念决定着美国对外经济政策的制定；国家中心论强调作为国际社会和国内社会连接点的国家的独立能动作用,认为国家行为体或国家制度对美国对外经济政策起着塑造和限制作用。三种研究路径都为探究美国对外经济政策的根源提供了不同的视角,但是这些研究路径并非解治百病的神药,受国内外环境易变、国际政策错综复杂、理论本身是否足够成熟等众多因素的影响,在表现出强大解释力的同时也存在着一些局限性。总之,通过对美国对外经济政策三种研究视角优点以及所存在的局限性的认识,有助于我们更好地理解美国各种对外经济政策产生的根源。
[Abstract]:After the first World War, especially after the second World War, with the growing economic strength of the United States, its position in the world economic system has become more and more important. Many foreign economic actions taken by the United States, whether it is trade, Both technology transfer and financial policy have had a profound impact on the political economy of other countries in the system, as well as on the domestic economy of the United States. Therefore, the foreign economic policy of the United States has become an important topic in the study of international political economy and comparative political economy at home and abroad. Through the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), this paper summarizes the numerous analyses of American foreign economic policy by foreign political economics scholars into three kinds of research paths, namely system-centered theory, social-centered theory and state-centeredness theory. Under various research paths, there are some concrete explanation models. These three research paths reveal different variables that influence American foreign economic policy. Specifically, the system-centered theory emphasizes the structural characteristics of the international political and economic system, explores the external sources of American foreign economic policy, and holds that the international power distribution, international institutional environment, interdependence and other systemic factors are systemic factors. It played a decisive role in the process of making foreign economic policy in the United States. The theory of social centralism emphasized the influence of domestic social factors on the international economic policy of the United States, and considered that domestic private interest groups, The concept of society determines the formulation of the United States' foreign economic policy; the centralism of the state emphasizes the independent and dynamic role of the State as the link between the international community and the domestic society. It is believed that national actors or national systems play a role in shaping and restricting American foreign economic policy. All three kinds of research paths provide different perspectives for exploring the root causes of US foreign economic policy. However, these research paths are not a panacea for the treatment of 100 diseases. Due to the changeable environment at home and abroad, international policies are complex. The influence of many factors, such as whether the theory is mature enough or not, has some limitations while showing strong explanatory power. In a word, it is helpful for us to better understand the origin of American foreign economic policy through the understanding of the advantages and limitations of the three perspectives of American foreign economic policy.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D871.2;F171.2

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