认同与中国—东盟区域合作

发布时间：2018-04-29 06:39

本文选题：认同 + 中国—东盟　；参考：《广西师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 在冷战结束、亚洲金融危机等国际背景下,中国与东盟的交流与合作呈现出了良好的态势——政治上形成了相互尊重、相互往来的友好局面;经济上取得了阶段性的收获,建立了“中国—东盟博览会”以及“中国—东盟自由贸易区”等;安全上也加强了公共安全、地区安全、环境安全等多方面的合作方式。然而,这并不意味着双方合作始终处于蜜月期”。由于历史、政治、经济、种族和文化等因素的影响,东盟对中国仍持猜疑、不信任和谨慎的态度。尤其是某些西方学者和政治家们散布的“中国威胁论”在东盟各国也有一定的市场。东盟对中国的不信任、担心、谨慎主要包括几个方面:第一,经济上的担心。东盟国家认为中国对他们的最大威胁可能来自经济方面的竞争,认为中国的廉价商品可能会把东盟的商品挤出欧美和日本市场,这不利于东盟各国经济的发展。第二,军事上的担忧。近些年来,中国大陆为了遏制台独分子不断膨胀的“台独”野心,一直在推进军事现代化进程。另外,中国在南中国海问题上维护国家主权独立、领土完整的坚定态度也让东盟国家担心中国可能会诉诸武力解决南中国海的争端。第三,种族和文化上的疑虑。在东盟各国中,华人华侨人数众多且经济实力雄厚,某些东盟成员国担心华人华侨的“中国情结”升级,使他们加大在华投资力度损害本国、本地区的利益。再加上“大中华经济圈”论调的渲染,更加深了东盟对本地区华人、华侨问题的忧虑。这也影响到东盟与中国区域合作进程的发展。虽然中国—东盟区域合作呈现了喜人的局面,但同时也有令人担忧的阻碍因素。中国与东盟合作进程变化引起了国内外学者的关注,众多学者运用国际关系理论中的现实主义、新自由主义、建构主义等理论来分析双方合作的原因以及对双方合作的展望。按照现实主义、新自由主义的理论来分析,中国与东盟的合作中出现的摩擦会使双方陷入权力与利益之争。笔者试图对中国—东盟区域合作做进一步分析研究,以弥补合作理论的不足,尤其注重从权力、利益困境来论述建构主义以夯实本论文的研究根基。既可以作为现实主义等理论的补充,也可以达到拓宽研究领域的目的。然而,以建构主义中的一个分支理论——“认同”的观点来分析中国—东盟的区域合作还是处于“寄人篱下”的境遇,没有独立出来而得到应有的重视。中国在与东盟合作进程中始终坚持的一条重要原则就是:以积极主动、坦诚、信任的态度来处理双方合作中存在的摩擦,以消除东盟的疑虑和担心,用实际行动来建构“国际社会负责任大国”形象,促使双方形成良好的睦邻友好合作的身份认同和观念认同。中国通过不断地负责任的实践行为,尽力向东盟国家强调自己是维护本地区的稳定和带来本地区繁荣的积极因素,而非西方所鼓噪的——威胁来源。中国与东盟合作让东盟国家对中国“亚洲一员”的身份有了更深刻的认同,双方形成了互信理念。并且,通过互信又拓宽了双方合作领域的深度和广度,从而超越了现实主义主要对权力和利益的追逐的内核。认同是一个不断发展的过程,当发展到高级阶段时就会呈现出集体认同的形式。区域合作中各行为体在互动过程中将自己的身份与组织的身份逐步模糊起来,从而发展到认同的最高层次——集体认同。集体认同的形成为区域合作中各行为体深入合作奠定了坚实的基础。中国与东盟的认同处于初级阶段,双方尚处于集体认同的构建过程中,这都是双方互动中还存在一些分歧所致。中国为了构建双方的良性认同已显示出十分友好的合作诚意,但这些诚意需要东盟国家的认同并反映在其实践行动中。然而,东盟国家对中国的友好合作诚意的理解还不够,这会影响双方良性认同的形成,甚至会影响双方的深入合作。面对这一困境,笔者选取认同理论这一创新范式来诠释双方合作面临困境的原因以及解决的途径,同时也是开拓中国—东盟区域合作新的现实要求。
[Abstract]:In the international background of the end of the cold war and the Asian financial crisis, the exchanges and cooperation between China and ASEAN have shown a good situation - a friendly situation of mutual respect and mutual exchange; the economic gains have been achieved, the "China ASEAN Expo" and "China ASEAN Free Trade Zone" have been established. Security, regional security, environmental security and many other ways of cooperation. However, this does not mean that cooperation between the two sides is always on a honeymoon period. The "China Threat Theory" spread by politicians also has a certain market in ASEAN countries. ASEAN's distrust of China, worry, and prudence mainly include several aspects: first, economic worries. ASEAN countries believe that China's greatest threat to them may come from economic competition, and that China's cheap goods may bring ASEAN. This is not conducive to the economic development of the ASEAN countries. Second, the military concerns. In recent years, China has been promoting the process of military modernization in order to contain the expansion of the "Taiwan independence" ambition. In addition, China maintains national sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity on the South Central Sea issue. The firm attitude also makes ASEAN countries worried that China may resort to force to settle the dispute over the South China Sea. Third, ethnic and cultural doubts. Among the ASEAN countries, the number of Chinese and overseas Chinese is large and the economic strength is strong. Some ASEAN members are worried about the escalation of Chinese Chinese in China, so that they will increase their investment in China. The interests of the country and the region, as well as the "Great China Economic Circle", have deepened ASEAN's concern about the problems of the Chinese and overseas Chinese in the region. This also affects the development of regional cooperation between ASEAN and China.
Although China ASEAN Regional Cooperation presents a happy situation, but at the same time there are worrying obstacles. The changes in the process of cooperation between China and ASEAN have aroused the attention of scholars both at home and abroad. Many scholars have applied the theory of realism, Neo liberalism and constructivism in the theory of international relations to analyze the reasons for the cooperation between the two sides. According to the theory of realism and Neo liberalism, the frictions in the cooperation between China and ASEAN will cause the two sides to fall into the dispute of power and interest. The author tries to make a further analysis and study of China ASEAN Regional Cooperation in order to make up for the lack of cooperation theory, and especially pay attention to the plight of power and interests. Constructivism can tamp the research foundation of this paper. It can not only supplement the theory of realism, but also broaden the field of research. However, the analysis of the regional cooperation between China and ASEAN is still in a "hedge" situation with a branch theory of constructivism, "identity", and is not independent. One of the important principles that China has always adhered to in the process of cooperation with ASEAN is to deal with the frictions that exist in the cooperation between the two sides with a positive, honest and trusting attitude in order to eliminate the doubts and fears of ASEAN, and to construct the image of the "responsible international community" with practical action to promote the formation of the two sides. Good neighborly, friendly and cooperative identity and conceptual identity. Through constant and responsible practice, China has tried to emphasize to the ASEAN countries that it is a positive factor in maintaining the stability of the region and bringing about the prosperity of the region, not the threat from the West.
The cooperation between China and ASEAN has enabled ASEAN countries to have a deeper recognition of the identity of the "one member of Asia". Both sides have formed a concept of mutual trust. And, through mutual trust, it broadens the depth and breadth of the field of cooperation between the two sides, thus surpassing the core of the pursuit of power and interests.
Identity is a continuous development process. When it develops to the advanced stage, it will show the form of collective identity. In the process of regional cooperation, each actor gradually blurs its identity and organization identity in the process of interaction, thus developing to the highest level of identity, the collective identity. The form of collective identity becomes a regional cooperation. China and ASEAN have laid a solid foundation for cooperation. China and ASEAN are in the primary stage. Both sides are still in the process of building collective identity. This is the result of some differences in the interaction between the two sides. China has shown a very friendly cooperation sincerity to build a benign identity between the two sides, but these sincerity require ASEAN countries. However, the ASEAN countries' understanding of the sincerity of China's friendship and cooperation is not enough. This will affect the formation of the two sides' good identity and even the deep cooperation between the two sides. The way to decide is also a new realistic requirement for developing China ASEAN regional cooperation.

【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D822.3;F752.7

【引证文献】