当代中国国家利益观研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 10:33

本文选题：当代中国 + 国家利益　；参考：《辽宁大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：国家利益是随着现代民族国家的诞生而出现的。从国际政治的视角看，国家利益是一个国家外交战略的出发点和归宿。国家利益的维护与拓展是在国家利益观的指导下进行的。国家利益维护与拓展的程度是一个国家判断其外交战略正确与否的重要标准，也是检验国家利益观正确与否的唯一标准。世界上既然存在着特定的民族国家，就一定会产生与之相应的国家利益，，也就存在着不同的国家利益观。研究当代中国国家利益观,需要分析时代背景。当代中国国家利益观的国际背景是冷战后、特别是进入新世纪以来，高科技的新发展、全球化的新挑战、国际合作的新内容、全球治理的新问题等对我国国家利益的维护与拓展提出了新的要求；国内背景是新中国成立以来，特别是改革开放以来，中国的综合国力与日俱增，中国的国际地位逐步提高，中国作为一个正在崛起的发展中的社会主义大国，如何在对外交往中维护和拓展国家利益，是有识之士非常关注的问题。改革开放以前，我国很少使用国家利益这个概念。涉及到这方面的问题，人们经常用民族利益、人民利益等概念来代替。国家利益观真正进入研究视域是上个世纪80年代以后的事，基本上是在我国亟需融入国际社会以及西方国家研究国家利益理论如火如荼的背景下开始的。我国政府和学者研究国家利益观的起步相对较晚，但取得了丰硕的研究成果。随着国际国内环境的变化，国家利益的内容和次序也在改变。中国国家利益的实践证明：只有以马克思主义的国家利益观为指导，从国际国内的实际出发，符合中国人民和世界人民的良好愿望，国家利益才能真正得到维护和拓展。因此，我们要形成以马克思主义国家利益理论为指导，以维护国家安全利益、政治利益、经济利益、文化利益等各利益要素的有机统一为目标的国家利益理念。我们要坚持独立自主的和平发展道路，利用世界和平与发展的机遇壮大自己，以自己的发展促进世界和谐，从而满足我国各族人民合法的物质和精神需要。不同国家对国家利益的概念、内涵等有着不同的认识，这是不同国家利益观念各不相同的原因之一。研究当代中国国家利益观主要是让人们了解，当代中国的国家利益是建立在社会主义制度的基础上的，是建立在独立自主的和平发展道路的基础之上的，是建立在与人类社会根本利益一致的基础上的，是建立在为我国现代化建设搭建有利的国际国内平台的基础上的。在此基础上，本文着重研究和分析了五个方面的问题：一是研究当代中国国家利益观的理论基础。马克思主义经典作家的国家利益理论是当代中国国家利益观的理论渊源；中国优秀传统文化对当代中国国家利益观的形成具有深远的影响；西方国家利益理论对当代中国国家利益观的形成具有极大的促进和借鉴作用。二是研究当代中国国家利益观的演进过程。本文分析了建党以来特别是新中国成立后中国国家利益观的演进过程。中国共产党新民主主义革命时期国家利益的理论与实践，标志着当代中国国家利益观的萌芽；中国共产党新中国成立后国家利益的理论与实践，标志着当代中国国家利益观的形成；中国共产党改革开放后国家利益的理论与实践，标志着当代中国国家利益观的完善与发展。三是研究当代中国国家利益观的时代挑战与实践。本文从现实的角度分析当代中国国家利益观所面临的时代背景与各种挑战。经济全球化、国际关系民主化、世界文化多样性、科技革命日新月异、全球治理新问题等是不以人们的意志为转移的一种客观历史发展趋势。同时，随着中国综合国力的提高，“中国威胁论”等论调在与日俱增。在这样全新的背景下，中国国家的安全利益、政治利益、经济利益以及文化利益等势必具有鲜明的时代特征，对中国国家利益的理论与实践提出了新的要求。四是研究当代中国国家利益观的主要内容与基本特征。当代中国国家利益观的主要内容是：“维护国家的主权、统一、领土完整和安全；坚持以经济建设为中心，不断提高综合国力；坚持和完善社会主义制度；保持和促进社会的安定团结；争取一个长期和平的国际环境和良好的周边环境。”①这一当代中国国家利益观是在长期的革命、建设和改革的实践过程中形成的。当代中国国家利益观是中国国家性质的集中体现和必然选择，是国家利益与人民利益的统一，是国家利益与人类利益的统一。五是研究当代中国国家利益观的演进经验与时代价值。当代中国国家利益观是对马克思主义利益理论的重大发展，也是对中国外交理论的新贡献，更为解决国际问题提供了新思路。当代中国国家利益观演进的历程告诉我们：必须完整准确地把握马克思主义的国家利益理论，必须从中国的实际出发，必须准确地把握国家利益的动态性特点。综上，本文论述了当代中国国家利益观的理论基础、演进历程、主要内容、时代挑战、基本特征、时代价值及其基本经验。研究当代中国国家利益观主要是为我国国家利益的维护和拓展提供理论支撑和实践指导。
[Abstract]:The national interest is the starting point and destination of a national diplomatic strategy from the perspective of international politics. The maintenance and expansion of national interests is carried out under the guidance of the national interest view. The degree of national interest maintenance and expansion is a state to judge its diplomatic strategy. The important standard of whether it is true or not is the only standard to test the correctness of the national interest view. Since there is a specific national country in the world, there will be a corresponding national interest and a different view of national interests. It is necessary to analyze the contemporary Chinese national interest view and to analyze the background of the times. Since the cold war, since the cold war, especially since the new century, the new development of high technology, the new challenge of globalization, the new content of international cooperation and the new problems of global governance have put forward new requirements for the maintenance and expansion of our national interests. The domestic background is the comprehensive China since the new China became the establishment, especially since the reform and opening up. As the national strength is increasing, China's international status is gradually increasing. As a rising socialist country in the developing country, how to maintain and expand the national interests in foreign exchanges is a matter of great concern for the people of insight. Before the reform and opening up, our country rarely uses the concept of national interests. We often use the concept of national interests, people's interests and other concepts. The real entry of the national interest view is after the 80s of the last century. It is basically in the background that our country urgently needs to integrate into the international community and the western countries to study the national interests theory. Our government and scholars study the national interests. With the change of the international and domestic environment, the content and order of the national interests are also changing. The practice of the national interests of China has proved that the good wishes of the Chinese people and the people of the world are only guided by the Marx doctrine of national interests and from the international and domestic reality. The national interests can be truly maintained and expanded. Therefore, we should form a national interest concept with the guidance of Marx's theory of national interests, in order to maintain the organic unity of national security interests, political interests, economic interests, cultural interests and other interests. We should adhere to the independent path of peaceful development and use it. The opportunities for world peace and development will strengthen themselves and promote world harmony with their own development, so as to meet the legitimate material and spiritual needs of all ethnic groups in China.
Different countries have different understanding of the concept and connotation of national interests. This is one of the reasons that different countries have different interests. The study of the national interests of contemporary China is mainly to let people understand that the national interests of contemporary China are based on the socialist system and are based on the independent development of peace. Based on the basis of the fundamental interests of the human society, the road is based on the establishment of a favorable international and domestic platform for the modernization of our country. On this basis, this paper focuses on the research and analysis of five aspects: one is to study the theoretical basis of the National Interest Outlook of Contemporary China. Mark The theory of the national interests of the classical writers of thought is the theoretical origin of the contemporary China's national interest view; the Chinese excellent traditional culture has a profound influence on the formation of the contemporary China's national interest view; the western national interest theory has a great promotion and reference to the formation of the contemporary China's national interest view. Two is the study of the contemporary era. The evolution process of the national interest outlook. This article analyses the evolution process of the national interest view of China since the founding of the party, especially after the founding of new China. The theory and practice of the national interests during the period of the new democratic revolution of the Communist Party of China symbolized the germination of the national interest view of the contemporary China, and the reason of the national interests after the founding of the new China of the Communist Party of China. The theory and practice of the national interests of the Chinese Communist Party after the reform and opening up, symbolized the perfection and development of the national interest view of contemporary China. Three is the time challenge and practice of studying the national interest view of contemporary China. This article analyses the national interest view of contemporary China from the Perspective of reality. The economic globalization, the democratization of the international relations, the world cultural diversity, the rapid development of the scientific and technological revolution and the new global governance problems are an objective historical development trend that is not transferred by the will of the people. At the same time, with the improvement of China's comprehensive national strength, the "China Threat Theory" is on the basis of the day. In this new background, China's national security interests, political interests, economic interests and cultural interests are bound to have distinct characteristics of the times, and put forward new requirements for the theory and practice of China's national interests. Four is the main content and basic characteristics of the study of the national interests of contemporary China. The main contents are: "safeguarding the sovereignty, unity, territorial integrity and security of the state; insisting on the economic construction as the center, constantly improving the comprehensive national strength; adhering to and perfecting the socialist system; maintaining and promoting the stability and unity of the society; striving for a long-term peaceful international environment and a good surrounding environment." (1) this contemporary China The national interest view is formed in the process of long-term revolution, construction and reform. The national interest view of contemporary China is the centralization and inevitable choice of the national nature of China, the unity of national interests and the interests of the people, the unity of the national interests and the interests of mankind. Five is the evolution experience and time of studying the National Interest Outlook of contemporary China. The view of contemporary China's national interest is a major development of Marx's theory of interest, a new contribution to the Chinese diplomatic theory and a new way of thinking for solving international problems. The course of the evolution of the national interest view of contemporary China tells us that the theory of national interests that holds Marx doctrine must be completely and accurately. On the basis of China's reality, we must accurately grasp the dynamic characteristics of the national interests. To sum up, this article discusses the theoretical basis, the course of evolution, the main content, the challenges of the times, the basic features, the value of the times and the basic experience of the contemporary China's national interest view. Expand to provide theoretical support and practical guidance.

【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D820

【参考文献】