艾森豪威尔时期美国在欧洲的文化冷战研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 05:07

本文选题：文化冷战 + 美国　；参考：《华中师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：冷战时期,为了遏制共产主义的发展和保护自己为首的西方阵营在思想上不受共产主义影响;同时尽最大可能拉拢东欧国家与人民接受美国价值观念,尽早加入到自己的阵营,美国在冷战的主战场——欧洲发动了文化冷战。美国在对西欧国家进行经济援助的同时,对西欧国家和人民进行了意识形态和价值观念的强化,以防止社会主义思想在西欧产生影响。同时,鉴于欧洲人民对于美国的偏见,美国也需要通过文化冷战来树立自己的正面形象。美国在对苏东国家进行军事、经济遏制的同时,利用文化的力量,凭借舆论宣传和情报搜集等方式发动了一场针对苏联和共产主义“极权政权”的文化之战。他们通过各种文化途径对社会主义国家进行“妖魔化”宣传,以达到推翻社会主义制度的目的。就美国在欧洲的文化冷战展开研究,对应对新形势下美国的文化霸权战略,具有重要学术价值和现实意义。本文内容分为绪论、正文与结论三个部分。绪论部分指出了本文的选题动机和意义,在对国内外研究现状分析的基础上,确定了本文的研究方法以及重点、难点和创新点。第一章,战后美国文化冷战政策的起源。本章对文章主题“文化冷战”作了概念上的分析界定,分析了美国政府进行文化冷战的原因,对冷战前美国文化战略的发展作了简单的回顾以及分析了杜鲁门政府在欧洲文化冷战的形势。第二章,艾森豪威尔政府在欧洲的文化冷战概述。作为背景分析,本章分析了艾森豪威尔政府时期的冷战形势,介绍了艾森豪威尔政府文化冷战政策的制定。第三章,艾森豪威尔政府在欧洲文化冷战政策的实施。本章分别从西欧、苏联和东欧三个角度分析了美国在欧洲文化冷战的实施情况。结语部分,对艾森豪威尔政府文化冷战的思考。该部分在综合前三章基础上总结出了艾森豪威尔政府时期美国文化冷战三大特点,即文化冷战政策制定的差异性和相似性、文化冷战政策实施的矛盾性、文化冷战政策效果的有限性,简要分析了文化冷战的影响以及对当今世界的启示。
[Abstract]:During the Cold War, in order to contain the development of communism and to protect the Western camp headed by itself from the influence of communism ideologically, at the same time, it tried its best to persuade the Eastern European countries and people to accept American values and join their own camp as soon as possible. The United States launched the Cold War of Culture in Europe, the main battleground of the Cold War. While giving economic aid to the western European countries, the United States strengthens the ideology and values of the western European countries and people in order to prevent the influence of the socialist ideology in the western Europe. At the same time, given the prejudice of the European people against the United States, the United States also needs to build its own positive image through the cold war of culture. The United States launched a cultural war against the Soviet Union and the communist "totalitarian regime" by means of propaganda and intelligence gathering, while carrying out military and economic containment against the Soviet Union and the eastern countries at the same time. They propagandized the socialist countries through various cultural channels in order to overthrow the socialist system. It is of great academic value and practical significance to study the Cold War of American culture in Europe, which is of great academic value and practical significance in dealing with the strategy of cultural hegemony of the United States under the new situation. The content of this paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction part points out the motivation and significance of this paper, and on the basis of the analysis of the present research situation at home and abroad, determines the research methods, key points, difficulties and innovation points of this paper. Chapter one, the origin of American cultural cold war policy after the war. In this chapter, the author makes a conceptual analysis and definition of the theme of "Cold War of Culture", and analyzes the reasons why the US government carries out the Cold War of Culture. This paper briefly reviews the development of American cultural strategy before the Cold War and analyzes the situation of Truman Administration in the European Cultural Cold War. The second chapter, the Eisenhower Administration in Europe's cultural Cold War overview. As a background analysis, this chapter analyzes the Cold War situation during the Eisenhower Administration and introduces the formulation of the Cold War policy of the Eisenhower Administration. The third chapter, the implementation of the Eisenhower Administration in the European Cultural Cold War policy. This chapter analyzes the implementation of American cultural cold war in Europe from three angles: Western Europe, Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. In the conclusion part, I think about the Cold War of Eisenhower government culture. On the basis of the first three chapters, this part summarizes the three characteristics of the American cultural cold war during the Eisenhower administration, namely, the differences and similarities of the policy making of the cultural cold war, and the contradiction of the implementation of the policy of the cultural cold war. This paper briefly analyzes the influence of the cultural cold war and its enlightenment to the world.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D871.2

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