伍廷芳与美国代理国务卿希尔的庚子密谈解读

发布时间：2018-05-12 18:57

本文选题：伍廷芳 + 希尔　；参考：《天津社会科学》2015年03期

【摘要】：从伍廷芳与美国代理国务卿希尔的庚子密谈记录可知,伍廷芳曾向美方率先提出惩办清朝顽固守旧势力的总后台慈禧太后与载漪等,并为张荫桓等开明官员昭雪的建议,希望美国政府在议和环节向中国方面施加压力,这多少有点出乎意料;该密谈促使美国政府在议和过程中发挥了相应的作用。伍廷芳的政治立场固然悖于外交常规,然在当时特定的历史时空,伍廷芳从国家的根本利益出发,要求惩处而不是维护本国最高统治者,不仅可以理解,而且折射出近代外交伦理转变的某些闪光点。伍廷芳已完成了从朝廷使臣到国家公使的角色转换。只有充分注意到伍廷芳在庚子前后对慈禧太后与清朝皇权的隔膜,才能准确地解读辛亥风云中的古稀长者伍廷芳为何在反清革命的胜负未决之际,义无反顾地走进南方反清阵营,而不是误解这位智者晚年的特立独行。
[Abstract]:From the record of Wu Ting-fang 's secret conversation with US acting Secretary of State Hill, we can see that Wu Ting-fang took the lead in putting forward to the United States a proposal to punish Empress Cixi and Dai Yi, the chief backstage of the stubborn old-fashioned forces of the Qing Dynasty, and Zhao Xue, an enlightened official such as Zhang Yin-huan. It was somewhat unexpected to expect the U.S. government to put pressure on China in the peace talks, which prompted the administration to play a corresponding role in the peace process. Wu Ting-fang 's political stand was certainly contrary to diplomatic convention, but in the specific historical time and space at that time, Wu Ting-fang, proceeding from the fundamental interests of the country, demanded punishment rather than defending the supreme ruler of his country. It was not only understandable that Wu Ting-fang wanted to punish and not defend his country's supreme rulers. It also reflects some flashes of modern diplomatic ethics. Wu Tingfang has completed the transition from a court envoy to a state minister. Only by paying full attention to Wu Ting-fang 's separation between Empress Dowager Cixi and the imperial power of the Qing Dynasty before and after Gengzi, can Wu Ting-fang, an ancient and dilapidated elder in the Qing Dynasty, accurately understand why Wu Ting-fang, an ancient and dilapidated elder in the Xin Hai era, was still in a position to win or lose the anti-Qing revolution. He walked into the southern anti-Qing camp without misunderstanding the wise man's maverick in his later years.
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目“清末民初的中美交往与中国政局——以美国公、私英文资料中的伍廷芳为中心”(项目号:11YJA770013)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D829

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