美国反恐政策的文化动因

发布时间：2018-05-13 02:42

本文选题：美国 + 反恐政策　；参考：《上海外国语大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 国际关系理论长期将焦点聚集到政治、经济、军事等方面,然而随着全球化的逐渐深入扩大,软实力(如文化、制度等)对国家具有越来越重的份量,其中,文化对一国对外政策产生的重大影响也受到了重视。文化作为植根于人民心中的、相对稳定的观念,正作为一种强大的无形力量,影响着一国的外交政策。本文愈以美国反恐政策为案例,探究文化与美国反恐政策之间的相互关系。冷战后,美国成为世界上唯一的超级大国,然而2001年的“9·11事件”却打击了美国人的骄傲和自信。为此,美国认识到了安全问题的迫在眉睫,将反恐纳入了国家目标。“9·11事件”对于美国的打击是不言而喻的。然而对于美国反恐的动因,多数研究是从政治和经济的角度来解析,从文化上整体进行探讨的相对来说比较少。因此,本文主要从文化角度对美国小布什政府反恐的动因作较整体性的探讨。本文将文化拆分为两部分,历史长期传承的文化以及小布什政府时期有巨大影响力的现时文化。历史中传承的文化包括美国例外论及使命感、实用主义。现时文化包括宗教保守主义与新保守主义。本文将从含义、对美国外交的影响、与美国反恐政策的联系这三个方面逐一对这四种观念进行探讨。本文认为,美国例外论及使命感、实用主义这几种深入人心的观念植根于美国人心中,形成了美国人支持反恐的最初原动力,宗教保守主义和新保守主义作为两个在布什政府时期迅猛发展并影响大增的两种思潮为布什政府的反恐政策出谋划策,同时更加坚定了布什政府反恐的信念。
[Abstract]:The theory of international relations has long focused on political, economic, military and other aspects. However, with the gradual expansion of globalization, soft power (such as culture, system, etc.) has more and more weight to the country, among which, The great influence of culture on a country's foreign policy has also been taken seriously. Culture, as a relatively stable concept rooted in people's hearts, is influencing a country's foreign policy as a powerful invisible force. This paper explores the relationship between culture and American anti-terrorism policy by taking American anti-terrorism policy as an example. After the Cold War, the United States became the only superpower in the world, but the 11 th September 2001 hit American pride and confidence. To that end, the United States recognizes the urgency of security concerns and includes counter-terrorism as a national goal. The "9 / 11" attack on the United States is self-evident. However, most of the researches on the causes of American anti-terrorism are from the angle of politics and economy, and relatively few from the perspective of culture as a whole. Therefore, this article mainly from the cultural point of view to the United States Bush administration anti-terrorism reasons for a more holistic discussion. In this paper, culture is divided into two parts, the culture that has been handed down for a long time and the present culture which has great influence during the Bush administration. The culture passed down in history includes American exceptionalism and pragmatism. The present culture includes religious conservatism and neoconservatism. This paper discusses the four concepts from three aspects: the implication, the influence on American diplomacy, and the relationship with American anti-terrorism policy. This paper holds that the American ideas of exception and mission, pragmatism, which are deeply rooted in the hearts of Americans, have formed the original motive force of American support for anti-terrorism. Religious conservatism and neoconservatism, as two trends of thought which developed rapidly and influenced greatly during the Bush administration period, gave advice to Bush administration's anti-terrorist policy, and strengthened the Bush administration's anti-terror belief at the same time.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D871.2

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