国际核不扩散机制的约束力研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 03:08

本文选题：核不扩散机制 + 核扩散行为　；参考：《湘潭大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：国际核不扩散机制自成立以来已经历经半个世纪,在这段时期内核不扩散机制为遏制核武器的扩散和世界核裁军做出了巨大贡献,为世界的和平和稳定做出了巨大贡献。国际核不扩散机制成立于冷战时期,冷战结束后,国际格局发生重大转变,核扩散形势也变得更加严峻,在后冷战时代,如何让国际核不扩散机制更好的发挥作用,是世界各国学者关注的重点。本文主要研究国际核不扩散机制的约束力对核扩散行为的约束限制作用。通过定性分析和定量分析来对核不扩散机制的约束力进行研究。由于国家理性行为体的特性,国家行为体发展核武器是因为在核不扩散机制内不能够获得足够的收益,要使国际核不扩散机制拥有足够的约束力,需要满足以下条件:1、国家对核不扩散机制规则的遵守;2、国家得到机制内成员国政治上的认同;3、国家遵守规则而获得经济活动的自由;4、国家安全得到保障。在这些条件中,国家安全的保障居于首位,权重系数最高。如果国家行为能够在核不扩散机制内得到以上条件的保障,约束力会对该国家的核扩散行为产生约束作用。在以上几个条件中,国家安全的保障是最重要的,如果国家安全的保障得不到满足,纵然其他条件都具备,核不扩散机制的约束力仍然对核扩散行为起不到应有的作用。对国家来说,得不到国家安全的保障,发展核武器的收益要大于在核不扩散机制内的收益,国家理性行为体的特性会使国家做出选择。在对朝鲜核问题的分析中,主要针对历次六方会谈进行分析。尽管六方会谈迄今为止已经进行了六轮,但是取得的成绩却乏善可陈。究其主要原因主要是在六方会谈中,没有触及到最核心的问题,也是朝鲜方面最为关切的问题——朝鲜国家安全的保障问题,如果朝鲜弃核,朝鲜的国家安全由谁来保障,这一问题得不到解决,朝鲜核问题仍要走很长的路。朝鲜之所以要发展核武器,主要源于其国家安全,半个多世纪以来,美国在朝鲜半岛的一侧一直驻扎大量军队,朝鲜人对朝鲜战争的记忆依然深刻,心中仍然有深深的不安全感。在这种情况下,其最需要的就是安全。因此,这也是朝鲜发展核武器的一个最重要的原因。要想使六方会谈对朝核问题产生足够使其放弃核武器的约束力,就要在国家安全、政治认同以及经济自由等方面取得进展,只有这样朝核问题才会有解决的可能。
[Abstract]:It has been half a century since the establishment of the international nuclear non-proliferation regime. During this period, the nuclear non-proliferation regime has made great contributions to curbing the proliferation of nuclear weapons and nuclear disarmament in the world, and has made great contributions to world peace and stability. The international nuclear non-proliferation regime was established during the Cold War period. After the end of the Cold War, the international situation has undergone major changes, and the nuclear proliferation situation has become more serious. In the post-Cold War era, how to make the international nuclear non-proliferation regime play a better role, It is the focus of attention of scholars all over the world. This paper mainly studies the binding effect of international nuclear non-proliferation regime on nuclear proliferation behavior. The binding force of the nuclear non-proliferation regime is studied by qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. Owing to the nature of national rational actors, national actors develop nuclear weapons because they cannot reap sufficient benefits within the nuclear non-proliferation regime and make the international nuclear non-proliferation regime sufficiently binding, The following conditions need to be met: 1. State compliance with the rules of the nuclear non-proliferation regime. The state is politically recognized by the members of the regime. The state is free to abide by the rules and gain economic activity. 4. National security is guaranteed. In these conditions, the national security in the first place, the highest weight coefficient. If the conduct of the State is guaranteed by the above conditions within the nuclear non-proliferation regime, the binding effect will be binding on the nuclear proliferation behavior of the State. In the above several conditions, the guarantee of national security is the most important. If the guarantee of national security is not satisfied, even if other conditions are available, the binding force of the nuclear non-proliferation regime still does not play its due role in the behavior of nuclear proliferation. For States, without national security guarantees, the benefits of the development of nuclear weapons are greater than those in the nuclear non-proliferation regime, and the characteristics of the rational actors of the State will make it possible for the State to make a choice. In the analysis of the North Korean nuclear issue, the six-party talks were analyzed. Despite six rounds of talks so far, little has been achieved. The main reason for this is that in the six-party talks, the core issue has not been touched upon, and it is also the most concerned issue on the part of the DPRK-the issue of safeguarding the national security of the DPRK. If the DPRK abandons its nuclear weapons, who will guarantee its national security? The issue remains unresolved, and the North Korean nuclear issue still has a long way to go. The reason why North Korea wants to develop nuclear weapons mainly stems from its national security. For more than half a century, the United States has stationed a large number of troops on the Korean Peninsula, and the Korean people still have a profound memory of the Korean War. There is still a deep sense of insecurity in my heart. In this case, what is most needed is security. Therefore, this is also one of the most important reasons for North Korea to develop nuclear weapons. If the six-party talks are to have enough binding force on the North Korean nuclear issue to give up nuclear weapons, progress must be made in the areas of national security, political identity and economic freedom. Only in this way can the North Korean nuclear issue be resolved.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D815.2

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