冷战后东亚安全秩序转型与中国的战略选择

发布时间：2018-06-05 17:38

本文选题：东亚 + 秩序转型　；参考：《南京师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：冷战结束之后,东亚原有的安全秩序被打破,新的安全秩序还未建立起来,而处于一个动态演变的过程中研究冷战后的东亚安全秩序转型,首先必须回顾与思考冷战时期的东亚安全秩序。二战结束后,雅尔塔体系形成了战后东亚安全秩序的雏形。随着冷战大幕的拉开,美苏在东亚通过一系列双边协议建立各自的同盟体系,谋求各自的地区安全利益,使东亚形成了美苏均势状态下的争霸秩序。这种安全秩序带有意识形态尖锐对立、政治军事对抗严重、地缘政治利益争夺激烈等特点,其一方面制约了日本右翼势力,在客观上起到了维护东亚稳定的作用；另一方面也产生了消极影响,尤其是冷战思维、国家分裂与民族对抗、旧有的安全结构与行为规则等,不仅恶化了东亚地区安全与发展环境,而且影响了冷战后东亚安全秩序转型。冷战结束后,在全球安全局势变动的大背景下,东亚各行为体基于自身实力对比变化作出了战略调整。在调整过程中,各行为体就东亚地区安全问题发生碰撞与互动,合作安全因此成为积极应对各种复杂安全挑战的解决之道,强化了东亚各行为体互相联系的利益纽带,从而提高了合作安全解决各种安全困难的能力,使东亚安全共同体逐渐成为一个有着明确而宏大目标的地区安全秩序愿景。在推进东亚安全秩序转型的过程中,一方面,地区行为体利益交汇、安全合作与经济合作成为重要的驱动力；另一方面,东亚客观上仍然存在着诸如领土争端、朝鲜半岛问题、历史遗留问题等众多导致各国对抗和冲突的不确定因素,使东亚安全秩序转型面临阻力。转型中的东亚安全秩序对和平崛起的中国至关重要,而中国也将在东亚安全秩序转型中发挥重要作用。中国一方面积极发展双边关系,倡导安全合作,实践建立信任措施,彰显负责任大国的形象；另一方面在维护国家主权与领土完整的前提下,秉持“和平共处五项原则”,不失时机地处理与解决地区热点问题,发挥了作为一个地区大国的作用,维护了本区域的稳定与发展。在东亚安全秩序转型的漫长道路上,中国要与东亚地区其他国家一起,逐渐明确安全合作方向,以政治互信为基石,以务实合作为抓手,以安全建设为保障,以彼此共赢为目标,以政策透明为前提,不断提升战略协调及磋商的机制化水平,培养共享安全价值观,构建和平、繁荣、惠及各方的东亚安全秩序。
[Abstract]:After the end of the Cold War, the old security order in East Asia was broken, and the new security order was not established, but was in the process of dynamic evolution. To study the transformation of security order in East Asia after the Cold War, we must first review and think about the security order in East Asia during the Cold War. After World War II, the Yalta system formed the embryonic form of the postwar East Asian security order. With the opening of the Cold War, the United States and Soviet Union established their own alliance system through a series of bilateral agreements in East Asia, seeking their own regional security interests, so that East Asia formed the hegemony order under the balance of power between the United States and the Soviet Union. This kind of security order is characterized by sharp opposition of ideology, serious political and military confrontation and fierce competition for geopolitical interests. On the one hand, it restricts the right-wing forces in Japan and objectively plays a role in maintaining stability in East Asia. On the other hand, it has also had a negative impact, especially on the Cold War mentality, state division and ethnic confrontation, the old security structure and rules of conduct, etc., which not only worsened the security and development environment in East Asia, Moreover, it affected the transformation of security order in East Asia after the cold war. After the end of the Cold War, under the background of the change of global security situation, various actors in East Asia made strategic adjustment based on the change of their own strength. In the process of adjustment, various actors collide and interact on the security issues in East Asia, thus cooperative security becomes a solution to various complex security challenges and strengthens the interest ties between the various actors in East Asia. Thus, the ability of cooperative security to solve various security difficulties has been improved, and the East Asian Security Community has gradually become a vision of regional security order with clear and ambitious goals. In the process of promoting the transformation of the security order in East Asia, on the one hand, the interests of regional actors converge, and security cooperation and economic cooperation become an important driving force; on the other hand, there still exist objectively such issues as territorial disputes and the Korean Peninsula issue in East Asia. Many uncertain factors, such as historical problems, which lead to confrontation and conflict in East Asia, make the transition of East Asian security order face resistance. The East Asian security order in transition is very important to the peaceful rise of China, and China will also play an important role in the transformation of East Asian security order. On the one hand, China actively develops bilateral relations, advocates security cooperation, practices confidence-building measures, and demonstrates the image of a responsible power; on the other hand, while safeguarding national sovereignty and territorial integrity, it upholds the "five principles of peaceful coexistence." We should seize the opportunity to deal with and solve regional hot issues, play a role as a regional power, and maintain the stability and development of the region. On the long road leading to the transformation of the security order in East Asia, China, together with other countries in the East Asian region, should gradually define the direction of security cooperation, take political mutual trust as its cornerstone, take practical cooperation as its starting point, and take security construction as its guarantee. Taking mutual win-win as the goal and the policy transparency as the premise, we should constantly improve the institutional level of strategic coordination and consultation, cultivate shared security values, build peace and prosperity, and benefit the security order of East Asia.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D829

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