论中国政府与东盟遗传资源保护合作机制的构建

发布时间：2018-06-10 21:20

本文选题：中国-东盟 + 遗传资源　；参考：《中国矿业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：遗传资源蕴藏巨大社会价值和商业价值。20世纪90年代以来,发达国家跨国公司及研发机构利用其技术优势和资金优势,无偿或低价从发展中国家获取大量遗传资源及相关传统知识,通过将商业性开发后的资源出售给遗传资源提供国而攫取巨额利润。遗传资源持有者、土著社区和相关国家的合法利益损失严重。中国与东南亚国家山水相连,气候相似,共有遗传资源数量巨大,种类繁多,深受发达国家生物盗版之害,遗传资源保护迫在眉睫。目前,中国与东南亚国家已意识到遗传资源保护的重要性,显示出共同进行遗传资源保护的倾向。然而,由于诸多因素的限制,中国与东南亚国家的遗传资源保护合作进程受阻,无法遏制日益增加的生物盗版。论文从政府间合作视角出发,建议中国政府与东南亚国家借助“一带一路”战略建设契机,将遗传资源保护从其他议题中独立出来,提上中国-东盟区域政府议程。中国政府与东南亚国家可在确立遗传资源保护政府间磋商机制,推选出一个主导国的前提下,由主导国及其组织的遗传资源保护项目小组稳步推进协调国家间遗传资源立法基础、加强中国-东盟区域遗传资源保护能力建设、促进中国-东盟区域遗传资源文献化与建立中国-东盟区域信托基金会等合作项目,充分发挥政府在遗传资源保护领域的主导作用,提高中国与东南亚国家参与国际遗传资源保护规则制定的意愿与能力。
[Abstract]:Since the 1990s, multinational corporations and R & D institutions in developed countries have made use of their technological and financial advantages. Large amounts of genetic resources and related traditional knowledge are obtained from developing countries for free or at low prices, and huge profits are made by selling commercially exploited resources to the countries providing genetic resources. The legitimate interests of the holders of genetic resources, indigenous communities and related countries are seriously lost. China and Southeast Asian countries are connected by mountains and rivers and have similar climate. There are a great number of genetic resources in China and there are many kinds of genetic resources, which are greatly damaged by biological piracy in developed countries, so the protection of genetic resources is urgent. At present, China and Southeast Asian countries have realized the importance of genetic resources protection, showing the trend of joint genetic resources protection. However, due to the constraints of many factors, the cooperation between China and Southeast Asian countries in the protection of genetic resources has been blocked, which can not curb the increasing biological piracy. From the angle of intergovernmental cooperation, the paper suggests that the Chinese government and Southeast Asian countries should take advantage of the opportunity of "Belt and Road" strategy to separate the protection of genetic resources from other issues and put them on the agenda of China-ASEAN regional government. The Chinese Government and the Southeast Asian countries may, on the premise of establishing an intergovernmental consultation mechanism for the protection of genetic resources, elect a lead country. The project group on the protection of genetic resources in the lead countries and their organizations has steadily advanced the harmonization of the legislative basis for genetic resources among countries and strengthened capacity-building for the protection of genetic resources in the China-ASEAN region, To promote the documentation of genetic resources in the China-ASEAN region and to establish such cooperative projects as the China-ASEAN Regional Trust Fund, so as to give full play to the leading role of the government in the field of genetic resources protection, To enhance the willingness and ability of China and Southeast Asian countries to participate in the formulation of international genetic resources protection rules.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D822.3;D814.1;Q3

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