卡特政府对1979年尼加拉瓜革命的政策

发布时间：2018-06-15 22:52

本文选题：卡特政府 + 尼加拉瓜　；参考：《东北师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 冷战时期,美国的拉美政策以抵制共产主义势力渗透与防止第二个古巴出现为核心目标。70年代末,桑地诺民族解放阵线领导的尼加拉瓜革命向美国的这一政策提出了挑战。为了稳定尼加拉瓜局势,防止左翼革命力量夺取政权进而使革命运动波及邻国,造成中美洲地区局势动荡,卡特政府采取了一系列措施应对尼加拉瓜危机,以维护美国在尼加拉瓜及其在中美洲地区的国家利益,排除苏古势力插手的可能。然而,尼加拉瓜的局势却按照自己的方式发展,使卡特政府的努力付诸东流。本文以地缘政治理论和国家利益原则为主要理论依据,通过系统梳理卡特政府时期有关尼加拉瓜革命的国家档案和文献,同时参照现有研究成果,力图全面阐述卡特政府对尼加拉瓜革命的政策考虑与实施过程,揭示美国在该地区的战略考虑与利益追求。本文由四部分组成: 第一部分:分析了影响卡特政府形成对尼加拉瓜革命政策的历史因素与时代背景。内容涉及美国与尼加拉瓜的历史关系;美苏争霸与古巴革命对美国拉美政策的影响;索摩查独裁政权与美国政府之间的关系。第二部分:利用相关文献与档案资料,全面阐述了导致尼加拉瓜革命爆发的内外因素以及卡特政府的政策选择。包括:尼加拉瓜革命爆发的背景与进程;卡特政府应对尼加拉瓜革命的政策考虑、实施过程及其结果。第三部分:对卡特政府的尼加拉瓜革命政策做出评价,分析造成卡特政府对尼加拉瓜革命政策失败的诸多原因。第四部分:阐述了尼加拉瓜革命的胜利对地区局势的影响,以及美国对拉美政策的调整。
[Abstract]:During the Cold War, the core goal of the United States' Latin American policy was to resist the infiltration of communist forces and prevent the emergence of the second Cuba. In the late 1970s, the Nicaraguan Revolution led by the Sandino National Liberation Front challenged this policy of the United States. In order to stabilize the situation in Nicaragua, to prevent the left-wing revolutionary forces from seizing power and thus to spread the revolutionary movement to neighbouring countries and to cause instability in the Central American region, the Carter administration has taken a series of measures to deal with the Nicaraguan crisis. In order to safeguard the national interests of the United States in Nicaragua and Central America, the Sugu forces can be excluded. The situation in Nicaragua, however, has evolved in its own way, reversing the Carter administration's efforts. Based on the theory of geopolitics and the principle of national interest, this paper systematically combs the national archives and documents about the Nicaraguan revolution during the Carter Administration, and at the same time refers to the existing research results. This paper tries to expound the policy consideration and implementation process of Carter Administration to the Nicaraguan Revolution and reveal the strategic considerations and the pursuit of interests of the United States in the region. This paper consists of four parts: the first part analyzes the historical factors and historical background of the formation of the Carter Administration's revolutionary policy towards Nicaragua. The contents cover the historical relations between the United States and Nicaragua, the influence of the American and Soviet hegemony and the Cuban revolution on the United States' Latin American policy, and the relationship between the dictatorship of Somoza and the United States government. The second part: by using the relevant documents and archives, the paper comprehensively expounds the internal and external factors leading to the outbreak of the Nicaraguan revolution and the policy choice of the Carter administration. Including: the background and process of the outbreak of the Nicaraguan Revolution, the policy consideration, the implementation process and the results of the Carter Administration in response to the Nicaraguan Revolution. The third part: the evaluation of Carter Administration's revolutionary policy in Nicaragua and the analysis of the reasons for the failure of Carter Administration's revolutionary policy in Nicaragua. The fourth part expounds the influence of the victory of the Nicaraguan Revolution on the regional situation and the adjustment of American policy towards Latin America.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D871.2

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