苏联出兵阿富汗的原因及历史教训探析

发布时间：2018-06-25 15:13

本文选题：苏联 + 出兵　；参考：《福建师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：1979年12月在全世界人民的反对声中,世界上最大的社会主义国家苏联发动了一场旷日持久的阿富汗战争,战争到最后不但给交战双方甚至给东方和西方都造成了巨大的破坏性影响,即使在21世纪的今天,人们也没有完全摆脱那场战乱的余威。然而,对于苏联当时出兵的真正意图学术界却众说纷纭。不得不承认,由于这段历史的特殊性,我们很难接触到一手资料,所以之前的论者只能根据一些公开的报道或者时事性的评论来推测。但历史的真相终究还是会被人们揭穿的,近年来随着沈志华老师主编的《苏联历史档案选编》的出版,我们有幸看到了许多以前被尘封起来的绝密文件,尤其是从苏联出兵阿富汗整个政策的制定以及一些会谈纪要,基本上可以看出苏联出兵的真实意图。本文写作的主要目的就是根据新近解密的原始档案以及重要的会议记录,重新审视这段历史,找到苏联出兵阿富汗的真实原因,更加强调资料的真实性,而不是单纯的报道或者评论。写作思路是从苏联出兵阿富汗整个事件的过程中探究苏联当局入侵的真实原因及其历史教训。故第一章论述阿富汗的国际战略地位；第二章介绍苏军从入侵到撤出阿富汗的背景和主要历程；第三章在前两章的基础上分析苏联出兵阿富汗的真实原因；第四章全方面叙述苏联入侵阿富汗的影响；第五章概括苏联入侵阿富汗的历史教训；最后得出苏联出兵阿富汗的决定是在被动条件下为维护本国南部边疆的安全才作出的,而不是所谓的南下寻找出海口,并依据至今产生的影响作出反思。
[Abstract]:In December 1979, the world's largest socialist country, the Soviet Union, waged a protracted war in Afghanistan amid the opposition of the world's people. At the end of the war, not only for the warring parties, but also for the East and the West caused a huge destructive impact, even in the 21st century, people have not completely rid themselves of the remaining power of that war. However, the true intention of the Soviet Union to send troops to academia is controversial. It has to be admitted that due to the particularity of this period of history, it is very difficult for us to have access to first-hand information, so previous commentators can only speculate on some public reports or current affairs comments. However, the truth of history will eventually be exposed by people. In recent years, with the publication of "selected Soviet Historical Archives" edited by Mr. Shen Zhihua, we have been fortunate to see many top-secret documents that were previously dusty. Especially from the formulation of the whole policy of Soviet troops in Afghanistan and some minutes of the talks, we can basically see the true intention of the Soviet Union to send troops. The main purpose of this paper is to re-examine the history based on the newly declassified original files and important meeting records, to find out the true reasons for the Soviet Union's military presence in Afghanistan, and to emphasize the authenticity of the materials. Instead of simply reporting or commenting. The idea of writing is to explore the real reasons and historical lessons of the Soviet invasion from the whole process of Soviet troops in Afghanistan. So the first chapter discusses the international strategic position of Afghanistan, the second chapter introduces the background and main course of Soviet troops from invasion to withdrawal from Afghanistan, the third chapter analyzes the real reasons of Soviet Union sending troops to Afghanistan on the basis of the first two chapters. Chapter IV describes the impact of the Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan in all respects; Chapter V summarizes the historical lessons of the Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan; finally, it concludes that the Soviet Union's decision to send troops to Afghanistan was made under passive conditions in order to maintain the security of its southern frontier. Rather than the so-called southward search for the sea, and based on the impact so far to make a reflection.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D819

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