中国对非洲石油外交研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 15:22

本文选题：石油外交 + 非洲国家　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：石油外交是指以国家为主导,石油企业及其他行为体共同参与,为制定外交政策和采取外交手段、维护国家石油利益、实现石油战略目标而进行的一系列外事活动。石油作为现代工业的血液,对人类经济生活的各个方面影响很大。石油是一国或地区经济发展不可或缺的基石。非洲地区石油资源丰富,已探明石油储量居世界第三,被称为“第二个海湾地区”。如能利用外交手段确保从非洲获得稳定的石油供应,这对于我国经济的发展、国家的安全和国际地位的提高都将起到积极的促进作用。在经历了奠基、起步和成熟三个发展阶段后,中国在非洲的石油外交呈现出三个鲜明的特征：一是我国在非洲的石油外交是以良好的政治感情基础为保障；二是我国对非洲的石油外交始终坚持平等、合作、互利共赢这一基本原则和精神；三是在中非石油外交中,首脑频繁互访。通过五十多年的努力,中国通过首脑外交、人道主义援助以及中非石油贸易与合作三大途径开展的对非石油外交取得了重大成果,外交经验也越来越丰富。在对非洲石油外交中采取的方针、政策与措施,既符合我国利益,又能促进非洲国家经济发展。但是,中国在非洲的石油外交仍然面临诸多困境。首先是西方大国在非洲将石油问题政治化,这导致中国与非洲产油国之间的矛盾和摩擦进一步加深；其次,我国能源事务管理会行政效率低下；再次,由于石油等能源外交对于中国来说还是一个崭新的课题,石油外交经验严重不足。面对上述种种困难,我们要采取措施积极应对。首先,我们要积极处理与美国等西方大国的矛盾,加强对话,建立多层次的协调机制,营造良好的对非石油外交的政治局面；其次,要加强中非政治互信,争夺舆论话语权,提高宣传与报道的有效性,使非洲产油国对中国有个良好的大国形象；再次,我国要加快人事制度的改革,要成立相应的机构专门为石油外交服务；最后,我国还要借鉴美国等西方大国的石油外交经验,建立产油国与我国的相互依赖关系,从而获得稳定的石油源。
[Abstract]:Petroleum diplomacy refers to a series of foreign affairs activities that take the state as the leader and the petroleum enterprises and other actors participate together to formulate foreign policy and adopt diplomatic means to safeguard the national oil interests and achieve the strategic goal of petroleum. As the blood of modern industry, petroleum has great influence on all aspects of human economic life. Oil is an indispensable cornerstone of the economic development of a country or region. Africa is rich in oil resources and ranks third in proven oil reserves in the world, so it is called the second Gulf region. If diplomatic means can be used to ensure a stable oil supply from Africa, this will play a positive role in promoting the development of our economy, national security and the improvement of our international status. After three stages of development, such as laying the foundation, starting and maturing, China's oil diplomacy in Africa shows three distinct characteristics: first, China's oil diplomacy in Africa is guaranteed on the basis of good political feelings; Second, China's oil diplomacy to Africa has always adhered to the basic principle and spirit of equality, cooperation, and mutual benefit and win-win situation; third, in China-Africa oil diplomacy, heads of state frequently exchange visits. Through more than 50 years of efforts, China has made great achievements in its oil diplomacy to Africa through three major channels: summit diplomacy, humanitarian aid, and Sino-African oil trade and cooperation, and its diplomatic experience has become more and more abundant. The principles, policies and measures adopted in oil diplomacy to Africa are not only in the interest of our country, but also can promote the economic development of African countries. However, China's oil diplomacy in Africa still faces many difficulties. First, the Western powers politicized the oil issue in Africa, which led to further contradictions and frictions between China and the African oil-producing countries; secondly, the administrative efficiency of China's Energy Affairs Management Committee was low; and again, Because the energy diplomacy such as petroleum is a new subject for China, the experience of petroleum diplomacy is seriously deficient. In the face of these difficulties, we should take measures to deal with them actively. First, we should actively handle contradictions with the United States and other Western powers, strengthen dialogue, establish a multi-level coordination mechanism, and create a good political situation for non-oil diplomacy; secondly, we should strengthen political mutual trust between China and Africa and fight for the right of public opinion to speak. To improve the effectiveness of propaganda and reporting, so that African oil producing countries have a good image of China as a big country; thirdly, China should speed up the reform of the personnel system and set up corresponding institutions to serve exclusively for oil diplomacy; finally, We should also draw lessons from the experience of the United States and other Western countries in oil diplomacy and establish the interdependence between the oil producing countries and China so as to obtain a stable oil source.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D822.3;D84

【参考文献】