从文化的影响看中美关系

发布时间：2018-06-28 23:06

本文选题：体系文化 + 个体文化　；参考：《外交学院》2011年博士论文

【摘要】：本文以文化为切入口研究中美关系。与一般意义上的“文化”研究不同,国际关系中的文化既有宏观层面的体系文化,也有微观层面的个体文化。从文化的内容看,既有体现习俗、偏好、传统等社会内容的文化,也有反映意识形态、价值观等政治内容的文化。无论体系文化,还是个体文化,无论文化的社会内容,还是政治内容,都对中美产生影响,并通过两个国家不同的世界观、自我观、他者观反映出来。中美个体文化有差异,清晰度、包容度、务实度不同,导致中美结构性矛盾。这些矛盾反映在中美政治、经济、安全政策上。通过分析文化对国家行为体产生影响的路径可以发现,文化通过建构国家利益来实现影响。在建构过程中,中美个体文化虽有差异,但也有相似点,务实主义倾向就是其一。这一相似点在建构利益过程中,能让中美利益发生重叠。这为中美合作打下基础。中美个体文化有相似点,并且通过互动建构共同利益,推动两个国家开展合作。合作的成果继而影响体系文化,反过来作用于个体。如果互动是良性的,这种进程将是正循环进程,推动文化建构更多共同利益,为合作提供更稳定势头。在案例上,本文选择了中美两军关系、亚太互动、海上安全和气候变化问题。其中,两军关系、亚太互动更多体现务实主义的文化相似点对建构共同利益的作用。海上安全问题则反映中美个体文化在特定领域的巨大差异导致互动困难,继而影响体系文化。气候变化问题更多表现对中美个体文化良好互动的期待,因为目前这个领域开始显现中美互动推动体系文化向积极方向发展的迹象。论文的结论是:中美个体文化差异虽大,但可以通过相似点建构共同利益,推动合作,并催生对双方有利的体系文化。
[Abstract]:This paper takes culture as the entry point to study the relationship between China and the United States. Different from the study of "culture" in general sense, the culture in international relations has not only the system culture at the macro level, but also the individual culture at the micro level. From the point of view of culture, there is not only the culture of social content, such as custom, preference and tradition, but also the culture of political content such as ideology and values. No matter the system culture, the individual culture, the social content of the culture or the political content, all have the influence to China and the United States, and through the two countries' different world outlook, the self-view, the other view is reflected. The differences between Chinese and American individual cultures, clarity, tolerance and pragmatism lead to structural contradictions between China and the United States. These contradictions are reflected in the political, economic and security policies of China and the United States. By analyzing the influence of culture on national actors, it can be found that culture realizes influence by constructing national interests. In the process of construction, although there are differences between Chinese and American individual cultures, there are also similarities, and pragmatism is one of them. This similarity can overlap the interests of China and the United States in the process of constructing interests. This lays the foundation for the cooperation between China and the United States. Chinese and American individual cultures share similarities and promote cooperation between the two countries through interaction to build common interests. The fruits of cooperation in turn affect the culture of the system, which in turn affects the individual. If the interaction is benign, this process will be a positive cycle, promote cultural construction of more common interests, and provide a more stable momentum for cooperation. In the case, this paper chooses the military relationship, Asia-Pacific interaction, maritime security and climate change issues. Among them, the relationship between the two armed forces, Asia-Pacific interaction more reflect pragmatic cultural similarities in the construction of common interests. The maritime safety problem reflects the great differences between Chinese and American individual cultures in specific fields, which leads to the difficulty of interaction and then influences the system culture. Climate change issues are more likely to look forward to good interaction between individual cultures in China and the United States, as this area is beginning to show signs of moving the system culture in a positive direction. The conclusion of the paper is that although the differences of individual culture between China and the United States are great, they can construct common interests through similarities, promote cooperation, and give birth to the beneficial system culture for both sides.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D822.3

【参考文献】