试论“旋转门”现象对美国外交的影响

发布时间：2018-07-03 20:49

本文选题：旋转门 + 美国外交　；参考：《外交学院》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：“旋转门”作为一个政治比喻，形象的体现了政府公营部门与社会私营部门之间的人员跳动现象。在美国，，“旋转门”的高速转动不仅深刻的影响着国内政策制定格局，也对外交政策领域发挥着积极和消极作用。与外交相关的“旋转门”最为频繁的转动于政府部门与商业公司、思想库之间。这些来自民间的精英们占据了国务院、国安会中大量的外交高级岗位，同时也有一大批相关职位的政府人员离职后进入了公司与思想库。美国特有的政治文化、政治体制和法律规范对“旋转门”的兴起和蓬勃壮大起到了积极的推动作用。在追求参与、自由、和良好政府治理的文化之下，借助法律规范下对“旋转门”的许可，通过追求开放和专业的体制设置，一批批外交精英人才顺利实现着公职身份与私营身份之间的转变。频繁的“旋转门”对美国外交最为直接的影响在于提供了一大批富有实战经验和理论经验的外交专家和行业领袖，促进了人力资源的流动；其次，通过“旋转门”所构建的人际关系网络，促进了政府与私营部门之间的互动；再次，依托着这张人脉网络，商业公司和思想库能够进一步影响政府决策认知；最后，“旋转门”的转动提升了外交决策效率和深化了外交行动执行成果。另一方面，累积的“旋转门”效应造成了大型企业和思想库对政府认知的话语权垄断，以及为权力腐败提供了便利条件。这是“旋转门”所带来的负面影响。然而从总体上看，“旋转门”的积极意义远胜于其消极意义。它顺应了美国社会和政治对于外交决策和执行的需求，同时其消极影响也受到了来自爱国主义情怀的限制。从这几十年的发展上看，“旋转门”旺盛的生命力是其积极效果的最好例证。
[Abstract]:As a political metaphor, the "revolving door" reflects the phenomenon of people's beating between the public sector and the private sector of the society. In the United States, the high-speed rotation of the "revolving door" not only profoundly affects the pattern of domestic policy formulation, but also plays a positive and negative role in the field of foreign policy.
The "revolving door" related to diplomacy is the most frequent rotation between the government and business companies and the thought base. These folk elites have occupied the State Council, a large number of senior diplomatic posts in the National Security Council, and a large number of relevant government officials have left the company and the thought base after their departure.
The unique political culture, political system and legal norms of the United States have played an active role in promoting the rise and flourishing of the "revolving door". Under the culture of the pursuit of participation, freedom, and good government governance, with the help of legal norms to the "revolving door", through the pursuit of open and professional institutions, a batch of diplomatic essence. British talent has successfully transformed the relationship between public status and private identity.
The most direct impact of the frequent "revolving door" on American diplomacy is that it provides a large number of diplomatic experts and industry leaders rich in practical experience and theoretical experience to promote the flow of human resources; secondly, the interaction between the government and the private sector is promoted through the network of human relations constructed by the "revolving door"; again, With this network of people, business companies and thought banks can further influence government decision-making cognition; finally, the rotation of "revolving door" improves the efficiency of diplomatic decision-making and deepens the achievement of diplomatic action. On the other hand, the cumulative "revolving door" effect has caused the monopoly of the discourse power of the large enterprises and the thought base to the government. It also provides convenience for power corruption. This is the negative impact of "revolving door".
However, in general, the positive significance of the "revolving door" is far better than its negative meaning. It conforms to the demands of American society and politics for diplomatic decision-making and enforcement, and its negative influence is also restricted by patriotism. The best example.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D871.2

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