智利对中国商品需求的依赖：智利是否为中国需求的突然降下做好准备

发布时间：2018-07-04 06:33

本文选题：巴西 + 智利　；参考：《清华大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：在过去的十年中国与拉丁美洲之间的贸易已经成为了例如巴西、秘鲁、阿根廷、委内瑞拉和智利等国家经济增长的基础。而美国和欧盟也得益于其贸易与投资的高水平继续作为这一地区重要的伙伴。尽管如此，来自中国对特定的例如石油、铜或铁矿石等原材料的需求还是拉美稳定经济增长的动力源泉，为一些国家在世界经济危机与低增长时期提供保障。对于智利来说，要特别感谢铜矿出口对经济的贡献，即使当智利的工业产品如今变得更加多元，但整个经济对于这种红色矿石仍然存在一定的依赖。这篇论文研究了智利是否准备好了在如果中国这个亚洲经济巨人停止购买南方国家的铜矿的情况下抵御铜矿需求骤跌带来的冲击。此调查探索了智利追随了的过去与当前的经济发展模式、它在20世纪经历的之前的危机、以及它如何调整自己的经济与法制来应对新的危机。为了与这一地区的其他例子作比较，本文又深刻地审视了巴西这个本地区最大的经济体和当前中国在拉美的第一贸易伙伴。与智利的情况不同，巴西依然通过大型当地工业复合体对经济施以了较大的国家干预。随着近期与中国竞争的加剧其商业的紧张程度也有所加剧。本文还会研究最近关于智利经济和其新自由主义经济模式的辩论，，这一模式现在广受质疑，并非因为它的宏观经济成就，而是由于一个更加苛求的中产阶级对于经济平等和更好的教育的需求。
[Abstract]:Over the past decade, trade between China and Latin America has become the basis for economic growth in countries such as Brazil, Peru, Argentina, Venezuela and Chile. The United States and the European Union have also benefited from their high levels of trade and investment as important partners in the region. Still, China's demand for certain raw materials, such as oil, copper or iron ore, is also a source of steady economic growth in Latin America, providing some countries with protection from the world's economic crisis and low growth. For Chile, thanks in particular to the contribution of copper exports to the economy, even as Chile's industrial products become more diversified, the economy as a whole remains dependent on the red ore. The paper examines whether Chile is prepared to withstand the impact of a sharp drop in copper demand if China, the Asian economic giant, stops buying copper from the South. The survey explores Chile's past and current patterns of economic development, its pre-twentieth-century crises, and how it adjusts its economy and the rule of law to cope with new crises. To compare it with other examples of the region, this paper also looks at Brazil, the region's largest economy, and China's current first trading partner in Latin America. In contrast to Chile, Brazil still has a larger state intervention in its economy through large local industrial complexes. Recent competition with China has intensified its business tensions. This article will also look at the recent debate on the Chilean economy and its neoliberal economic model, which is now widely questioned, not because of its macroeconomic achievements. But because of the need for economic equality and a better education for a more demanding middle class.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D822

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