历史经验、文化认知与中国的海军外交

发布时间：2018-07-08 17:41

本文选题：文化认知 + 对外政策　；参考：《复旦大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文探讨的海军外交是指使用有限的海军力量,服务于国家对外政策的军事行为。炮舰外交特指国际和国内争端背景下,有特定意图的海军外交。随着经济实力的上升,中国正在建设一支在远洋拥有强大作战能力的海军,这支力量的使用方式事关重大。通过对海军外交和中国军事行为的相关理论进行分类总结,可以看到很多外国学者对中国军事力量的上升持悲观态度,认为中国必然会模仿其它大国,更积极地在海外使用军事力量。然而,有关观念与对外政策的已有理论认为,实力不能解释全部的国际关系。观念能有效地影响国家决策,并且在面对意外的新挫折时较有可能发生变化,反之则较有可能保持稳定。在这些理论的基础上,首先分析中国的古代史,可以归纳出：中国对军事力量和海军力量的传统文化认知不同于欧洲,重视非武力手段,在动用武力时要求更高的道德合法性。考虑到长期受侵害的近代史,以及建国初期国际环境的影响,中国将改变部分文化认知,但仍然会坚持以道德合法性作为动用武力的前提。文化认知的差异带来了中国与其它大国在行为上的差异。无论实力优劣,中国都可能在领土争端和近海安全问题上使用海军力量,与别国没有区别；但不会在其它问题上开展炮舰外交,不同于其它大国。中国海军在威望外交任务中也显得谨慎,避开了敏感时期的敏感地区。最后以1949年至2013年的事实加以验证,为理论提供了支持。
[Abstract]:The naval diplomacy discussed in this paper refers to the use of limited naval force to serve the country's foreign policy. Gunboat diplomacy refers to naval diplomacy with specific intention in the context of international and domestic disputes. As economic power rises, China is building a navy with a strong combat capability in the ocean, a force that matters a great deal. By classifying and summarizing the relevant theories of naval diplomacy and China's military behavior, we can see that many foreign scholars are pessimistic about the rise of China's military power, and believe that China will certainly imitate other big countries. More active use of military forces overseas. However, existing theories about ideas and foreign policy argue that power cannot explain all international relations. Ideas can effectively influence national decision-making and are more likely to change in the face of unexpected new setbacks, otherwise they are more likely to remain stable. On the basis of these theories, it is concluded that China's traditional cultural cognition of military and naval power is different from that of Europe, which attaches importance to non-military means and demands higher moral legitimacy when using force. In view of the long history of aggression and the influence of the international environment in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, China will change some of its cultural perceptions, but it will still insist on using moral legitimacy as a prerequisite for the use of force. The difference of cultural cognition brings about the difference in behavior between China and other big countries. China is likely to use naval power in territorial disputes and offshore security issues, no matter what its strength is, but it will not engage in gunboat diplomacy on other issues, unlike other powers. The Chinese navy has also appeared cautious in its prestigious diplomatic missions, avoiding sensitive areas in sensitive times. Finally, the facts from 1949 to 2013 are used to prove the theory.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：E273;D822

【共引文献】