中国和印度对非洲经济外交的比较研究

发布时间：2018-07-13 10:54

【摘要】：20世纪90年代以来，国际政治与国际关系的重心开始由军事与安全为主的“高位政治”向经济、文化为主的“低位政治”转变，越来越多的国家将促进本国经济发展、提升国家软实力、改善国际形象作为对外关系的主要任务。经济和科技成为衡量一国综合国力的重要影响因素，经济外交就是在这样的大背景下应运而生的。进入21世纪以来，在各国外交与对外关系中，国际经济合作与交流呈现出加速态势,将“经济”和“外交”互为手段和目的成为当代外交的主题和重要特点。印度与中国同为世界举足轻重的发展中大国，两国国情极为相似，同为世界上经济发展最快的新兴经济体。印度与中国、俄罗斯、南非和巴西并称为“金砖五国”。印度开展对非洲的经济外交，除了自身经济因素的驱动外，也是其谋求政治大国地位的重要战略。此外，，非洲是中国现阶段国际战略中极为重要的一环，对于保障国家的政治和经济安全、提升国际影响力以及实现大国战略等方面有着重要的影响。因而，本文就中印两国对非洲经济外交所开展的比较研究就具有了现实的意义。在拓宽经济外交研究的区域与国别视野的同时，也可以为我国优化对非洲的外交政策提供借鉴。本文共由六个部分组成，第一部分为绪论，主要介绍了研究的背景、目标、方法、创新之处以及文献回顾；第二部分对经济外交的涵义、分类、主体以及遵循的原则和基础理论进行了介绍；第三部分比较分析了中国和印度开展对非洲经济外交的背景和动因；第四部分对中国和印度对非洲经济外交的内容和特点进行了比较分析；第五部分则对中国和印度对非洲经济外交的成效进行了评价，并介绍了其面临的问题；第六部分介绍了印度对非洲经济外交给予我国的启示，以及中国该如何应对。通过研究，本文认为，首先，中印与非洲都有长期的经济合作关系，有经济合作的深厚历史与现实基础，中国在非洲的成就暂时领先印度；其次，中非合作领域宽广、中国在非洲基础设施建设、制造业能力提升、能源开发等领域成就突出，而印度在非洲IT业领域、医药、人力资源培训等方面稍胜一筹。中印对非经济外交具有互补性，双方开展对非经济外交，裨益于中印非三方经济发展和社会进步；第三，中印对非洲经济外交有竞争的一面，也面临共同机遇和挑战，合作博弈和合作共赢才应是正确选择。
[Abstract]:Since the 1990s, the center of gravity of international politics and international relations has begun to change from "high politics" to "low politics", which is dominated by military and security. More and more countries will promote their own economic development. Enhancing national soft power and improving international image are the main tasks of foreign relations. Economy and science and technology have become an important factor to measure a country's comprehensive national strength. Economic diplomacy came into being under such a background. Since the beginning of the 21st century, international economic cooperation and exchange have taken on an accelerating trend in the diplomacy and foreign relations of various countries. The mutual means and purposes of "economy" and "diplomacy" have become the main theme and important feature of contemporary diplomacy. India and China are both the most important developing countries in the world. Their national conditions are very similar, and they are the fastest growing emerging economies in the world. India, along with China, Russia, South Africa and Brazil, is known as the BRICS. India's economic diplomacy to Africa is not only driven by its own economic factors, but also an important strategy for it to seek the status of a political power. In addition, Africa is an extremely important part of China's current international strategy, which plays an important role in ensuring national political and economic security, enhancing international influence and realizing the strategy of a large country. Therefore, the comparative study between China and India on African economic diplomacy has practical significance. While broadening the regional and national perspectives of economic diplomacy research, it can also provide reference for our country to optimize its foreign policy towards Africa. This paper is composed of six parts, the first part is the introduction, which mainly introduces the background, objectives, methods, innovations and literature review of the research; the second part of the meaning of economic diplomacy, classification, The main body and the principles and basic theories are introduced. The third part compares the background and motivation of economic diplomacy between China and India to Africa. The fourth part makes a comparative analysis of the contents and characteristics of China's and India's economic diplomacy to Africa, the fifth part evaluates the effectiveness of China and India's economic diplomacy to Africa, and introduces the problems they face. The sixth part introduces the enlightenment of India to Africa's economic diplomacy and how China should deal with it. First of all, China and India have a long-term economic cooperation relationship with Africa, with a deep historical and practical foundation for economic cooperation, and China's achievements in Africa are temporarily ahead of India's; secondly, China-Africa cooperation has a wide range of fields. China has made outstanding achievements in Africa's infrastructure, manufacturing capacity and energy development, while India is slightly better at IT, medicine and human resources training in Africa. China and India are complementary to non-economic diplomacy, and the development of bilateral economic diplomacy to Africa will benefit the economic development and social progress of China, India and Africa. Third, China and India have a competitive side to Africa's economic diplomacy, and they also face common opportunities and challenges. Cooperative game and win-win cooperation should be the right choice.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D835.1

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