欧洲难民危机:结构、成因及影响分析

发布时间：2018-07-14 09:47

【摘要】：进入欧洲国家的难民是全球难民的重要组成部分,主要来自西亚和北非地区,尤其是叙利亚和阿富汗,难民进入欧洲的主要路线是地中海中线、地中海东线以及巴尔干西线。美国因素、欧洲国家因素、国际格局、人口走私组织以及欧洲国家内部对待难民的差异等因素是产生欧洲难民潮的基本因素。欧洲难民潮对欧洲国家产生了深远的消极影响:难民危机凸显了欧盟内部的分裂;冲垮了欧洲难民法律的束缚和欧洲国家的共同边界;必将拖累欧盟经济的恢复,延缓移民与难民政策上的一体化的步伐;有可能对欧洲国家的社会福利体系构成严峻挑战;有可能引起欧洲国家社会内部的分裂,挑战欧洲国家的非传统国家安全;有可能让反移民的民粹主义、新纳粹主义和排外主义的思潮沉渣泛起,让高举反移民旗帜的欧洲极右翼政党东山再起,从而推动欧洲国家的政治右转。
[Abstract]:Refugees entering Europe are an important part of the global refugee population, mainly from Western Asia and North Africa, especially Syria and Afghanistan. The main routes for refugees entering Europe are the middle line of the Mediterranean Sea, the eastern Mediterranean line and the western Balkan line. Factors such as American factors, European national factors, international pattern, human smuggling organizations and differences in the treatment of refugees within European countries are the basic factors that lead to the influx of refugees in Europe. The influx of refugees in Europe has had a profound negative impact on European countries: the refugee crisis has highlighted the division within the European Union; it has broken the shackles of European refugee laws and the common borders of European countries; and it will certainly drag down the recovery of the European Union's economy. To delay the integration of immigration and refugee policies, to pose a severe challenge to the social welfare system of European countries, to cause social division within European countries, and to challenge the non-traditional national security of European countries; There is a risk that anti-immigrant populism, neo-Nazism and xenophobia will sink, and that Europe's far-right parties that hold the anti-immigrant flag will be revived, pushing European politics to the right.
【作者单位】：山东大学移民研究所;山东大学哲学与社会发展学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“宗教信仰与流动人口的社会融入研究”(项目编号:13JJD730002)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D815.6

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