美国的北极战略

发布时间：2018-08-05 19:08

【摘要】：美国在北极地区拥有北极国家和霸权国家的双重身份,这对其北极战略产生了深远的影响。作为霸权国家,美国将北极战略嵌入其全球战略之中。与其他北极国家相比,美国的北极战略更多地从国家利益和全球战略的层面出发,以维持美国的全球领导地位为核心目标。美国试图以应对气候变化为突破口,获取北极治理的领导权,进而构建有利于美国国家利益和全球霸主地位的北极秩序。在美国北极战略的影响下,应对气候变化成为北极治理的中心议题,北极地区的安全与管理得到更多重视,北极治理领域的国际合作更趋积极;同时,北极治理机制仍然呈碎片化状态,北极理事会难以发挥核心作用。由于国内利益集团诉求各异、美俄关系前景堪忧、美国与其他北极国家的发展目标不尽相同,奥巴马政府能否成功实施其北极战略尚存在不确定性。
[Abstract]:The United States has the dual status of Arctic state and hegemonic state in the Arctic region, which has a profound influence on its Arctic strategy. As a hegemonic state, the United States embed the Arctic strategy into its global strategy. Compared with other Arctic countries, the Arctic strategy of the United States is based on the national interests and the level of the global strategy, with the core goal of maintaining the global leadership of the United States. The United States is trying to seize the leadership of Arctic governance by tackling climate change, thus building an Arctic order that benefits the national interests of the United States and the global hegemony. Under the influence of the United States Arctic strategy, addressing climate change has become a central issue in Arctic governance, with greater attention being paid to security and management in the Arctic and international cooperation in the field of Arctic governance becoming more active; at the same time, Arctic governance is still fragmented, the Arctic Council is difficult to play a central role. The Obama administration is uncertain whether the Obama administration will succeed in implementing its Arctic strategy, given the diversity of domestic interests, the prospect of U.S.-Russian relations and the different development goals of the United States and other Arctic countries.
【作者单位】：中国海洋大学法政学院;中国海洋大学极地法律与政治研究所;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重点项目“北极治理与中国参与战略研究”(编号14AGJ001)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D871.2

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