“二战”后美国对阿尔巴尼亚遏制政策初探
发布时间：2018-08-07 19:31
【摘要】：本文以1945年至1961年为大体时间范围,研究战后美国对阿尔巴尼亚外交奉行的遏制政策,主要分析遏制政策的形成、基本逻辑和要素及其走向。认为美国对阿尔巴尼亚遏制政策,是这一期间冷战格局之下美国实施与苏联对抗和“遏制共产主义”总战略目标的必然产物。“全球主义”视野下的美国国家利益和意识形态的强烈排它性是其政策支点。利用阿同邻国存在的领土、民族问题上的矛盾,实施外部干涉;扶持阿流亡分子和反对派势力,进行渗透和内部颠覆活动;进行经济封锁和外交孤立等,是实施遏制政策的基本要素。从1950年代中后期起,美国对阿政策的重心转移,明确以“和平演变”为目标,但是美对阿政策在其遏制本质上,始终保持连续性,美阿之间的冷战状态并没有改变。这一期间,美国和阿尔巴尼亚的关系,既具有美国和原苏东社会主义国家关系的一般特征,又体现出特殊的丰富性和复杂性。到目前为止,国内学术界对美国和阿尔巴尼亚外交关系缺乏专题的系统的著述,大多在论述美国和苏联东欧国家外交关系时有所提及。本文的内容在外交史和外交政策研究方面,具有一定的学术探索意义。
[Abstract]:Taking 1945 and 1961 as the general time range, this paper studies the containment policy pursued by the United States towards Albania after the war, and mainly analyzes the formation, basic logic, elements and trend of the containment policy. It is believed that the containment policy of the United States towards Albania is the inevitable outcome of the overall strategic objective of the United States in carrying out confrontation with the Soviet Union and "containing communism" under the cold war pattern during this period. The strong exclusiveness of American national interest and ideology in the view of globalism is the fulcrum of American policy. Taking advantage of the territorial and ethnic contradictions with neighbouring countries to carry out external interference; supporting exiles and opposition forces in Afghanistan to carry out infiltration and internal subversion activities; and carrying out economic blockades and diplomatic isolation, etc. Is the basic element of carrying out the policy of containment. Since the middle and late 1950s, the focus of American policy on Afghanistan has been shifted to the goal of "peaceful evolution", but the nature of its containment has always maintained continuity, and the Cold War state between the United States and Afghanistan has not changed. During this period, the relations between the United States and Albania had not only the general characteristics of the relations between the United States and the former Soviet and Eastern socialist countries, but also the special richness and complexity. Up to now, most of the systematic writings on the lack of special topics on the diplomatic relations between the United States and Albania have been mentioned in the discussion of diplomatic relations between the United States and the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries. The content of this paper is of academic significance in the research of diplomatic history and foreign policy.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D871.2
本文编号：2171122
[Abstract]:Taking 1945 and 1961 as the general time range, this paper studies the containment policy pursued by the United States towards Albania after the war, and mainly analyzes the formation, basic logic, elements and trend of the containment policy. It is believed that the containment policy of the United States towards Albania is the inevitable outcome of the overall strategic objective of the United States in carrying out confrontation with the Soviet Union and "containing communism" under the cold war pattern during this period. The strong exclusiveness of American national interest and ideology in the view of globalism is the fulcrum of American policy. Taking advantage of the territorial and ethnic contradictions with neighbouring countries to carry out external interference; supporting exiles and opposition forces in Afghanistan to carry out infiltration and internal subversion activities; and carrying out economic blockades and diplomatic isolation, etc. Is the basic element of carrying out the policy of containment. Since the middle and late 1950s, the focus of American policy on Afghanistan has been shifted to the goal of "peaceful evolution", but the nature of its containment has always maintained continuity, and the Cold War state between the United States and Afghanistan has not changed. During this period, the relations between the United States and Albania had not only the general characteristics of the relations between the United States and the former Soviet and Eastern socialist countries, but also the special richness and complexity. Up to now, most of the systematic writings on the lack of special topics on the diplomatic relations between the United States and Albania have been mentioned in the discussion of diplomatic relations between the United States and the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries. The content of this paper is of academic significance in the research of diplomatic history and foreign policy.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D871.2
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