共有观念、不对等关注与国际冲突的起源

发布时间：2018-08-23 08:13

【摘要】：在解释国际冲突起源的众多理论中,美国学者布兰特利·沃马克的不对等关注理论独辟蹊径,他以国际无政府状态为基础,认为国家间权力大小不同会导致对彼此的关注程度不同,小国倾向于过度关注大国,相反,大国对小国的关注程度较低,由此可能产生双方的错误知觉,甚至走向冲突。本文对沃马克的理论提出质疑,认为在不同的无政府文化背景下,不对称权力并不必然导致不对称关注。具体说来,在霍布斯文化和康德文化背景下,不对称权力本身并不会导致不对称关注,而在洛克文化背景下,不对称权力易于产生不对等关注,从而导致错误知觉和国际冲突。论文以伊拉克战争前的美伊关系、20世纪90年代以来的中朝关系以及欧盟治下的欧洲国家双边关系为例,检验了上述假设。这一理论思考对于崛起中的中国如何认识和处理好与周边小国的关系有一定参考价值。
[Abstract]:Among the many theories that explain the origin of international conflicts, the American scholar Brantley Warmark's theory of unequal concern is unique, and he is based on the state of international anarchy. It is believed that different powers between countries will lead to different degrees of attention to each other. Small countries tend to pay too much attention to big countries, on the contrary, large countries pay less attention to small countries, which may lead to the wrong perception of both sides and even lead to conflict. In this paper, Warmark's theory is questioned. Under different anarchical cultural background, asymmetric power does not necessarily lead to asymmetric attention. Specifically, under the background of Hobbes culture and Kant culture, asymmetric power itself does not lead to asymmetric attention, but in Locke culture, asymmetric power tends to produce unequal attention, which leads to misperception and international conflicts. Taking the US-Iraq relations before the Iraq war, the Sino-Korean relations since the 1990s and the European countries' bilateral relations under the European Union as examples, the above hypotheses are tested. This theoretical thinking has certain reference value for the rising China how to understand and deal with the relations with the neighboring small countries.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学国际关系学院;
【分类号】：D80

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