现实国际政治竞争下的中国纵横方略

发布时间：2018-08-23 09:43

【摘要】：合纵连横是中国古代战国时期形成的重要战略智慧，本文先对中国古代的合纵连横战略思想进行梳理，并结合西方战略思想中的霸权理论、联盟理论、均势理论进行比较，在这种比较的基础上，，全面分析美国在全球和地区的层次上对华战略实质，与此同时，探讨中国在全球和周边采取纵横战略的做法，对其实效进行评估。可以看出，美国对华战略以连横为主，重点在亚太地区，其借助强大的双边同盟体系，对华实行遏制与接触并举的战略。同时美国注重战略灵活度，在南海等中国周边问题中施展合纵战略，联合其他南海声索国在国际场合上共同对华。与之相对，中国的对美战略则是以合纵为主，联合世界上其他有影响力的力量中心，包括英法德等传统欧洲大国，还有俄罗斯等金砖国家，在一些特定领域制衡美国。另外，面对南海局势中各国的合纵形势，中国可以采取连横战略予以分化瓦解。通过对合纵、连横两种战略的比较，我们发现两者都需要一定的战略条件予以支撑，其中连横的有效性更明显，战略执行力更高，作为实施者的实力更强。在分析中美国力和国际地位之后，我们认为美国执各国综合国力之牛耳，拥有广泛的联盟体系，采取连横战略有天然优势，而中国的合纵战略实施上有较多现实局限。中国的对策应该是不放弃对美合纵的大战略，更加注重在局部领域制造对我有利的合纵态势，此外在连横战略上下大功夫，在南海和美国亚太同盟中制造占据主动的连横局势，更好地服务于国家大战略。
[Abstract]:The combination of vertical and horizontal is an important strategic wisdom formed during the warring States period in ancient China. This paper first combs the strategic thoughts of ancient China, and compares them with the hegemony theory, alliance theory and balance of power theory in western strategic thought. On the basis of this comparison, this paper comprehensively analyzes the essence of American strategy towards China at the global and regional levels. At the same time, it probes into China's practice of adopting vertical and horizontal strategy in the world and its periphery, and evaluates its effectiveness. It can be seen that the United States' strategy towards China is mainly horizontal, with emphasis on the Asia-Pacific region, and it implements the strategy of containment and engagement with China with the help of a strong bilateral alliance system. At the same time, the United States pays attention to the degree of strategic flexibility, in the South China Sea and other peripheral issues in the implementation of a longitudinal strategy, in conjunction with other South China Sea claim countries in the international arena to jointly face China. On the other hand, China's strategy towards the United States is to combine other influential power centers in the world, including traditional European powers such as Britain, France and Germany, as well as BRICS countries such as Russia, to counterbalance the United States in certain areas. In addition, in the face of the situation in the South China Sea, China can adopt a strategy of disintegration. Through the comparison of the two strategies, we find that both of them need certain strategic conditions to support them, in which the effectiveness of the linkage is more obvious, the execution of the strategy is higher, and the strength of the implementers is stronger. After analyzing the strength of China and the international position, we think that the United States has a broad alliance system, and it has natural advantages to adopt the continuous and horizontal strategy, while the implementation of China's vertical strategy has many practical limitations. China's response should be not to give up its grand strategy of cooperation with the United States, and to pay more attention to creating a favorable vertical situation for China in some areas. In addition, it should make great efforts in the strategy of linking and crossing, and create a situation that occupies an active position in the South China Sea and the Asia-Pacific alliance of the United States. Better serve the national strategy.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D871.2

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