美国对南越的援助1954-1975
发布时间：2018-09-10 16:55
【摘要】：对外援助是研究美国对外关系的有力视角。本文主要是从美国对南越援助的角度考察战后美国对越南的政策与战争。论文由四章组成,第一章论述了冷战与美国对南越援助缘起的关系,认为冷战不仅催生了战后美国对外援助的高潮,而且直接影响了美国对越南的政策与援助。第二章论述了从艾森豪威尔政府时期到尼克松政府时期长达20年的美国对南越援助的进程,也是日内瓦会议之后,美国通过援助方式在越南南方扶植吴庭艳建立反共的越南共和国(南越)政权,不断深入干涉越南的内部事务,并最终将美国拖入越南战场,结果以失败告终的过程。第三章分析了美国对南越援助的动因,认为冷战的爆发对美国对南越援助具有根本性的作用,民主输出的需要、维持南越政权存在目标以及中苏对北越的援助也都不同程度刺激着美国对南越的援助行为。第四章分析了美国对南越援助对援助国与受援国产生的影响,认为美国不仅未实现其战略目标,反而深陷越南泥潭,耗费了巨大的成本,削弱了政治经济实力,导致了社会的割裂,而南越这个国家随着西贡的解放也被历史所掩埋。 最后,文章在全景式勾画了美国对南越援助的缘起、过程、动因、影响之后,对美国对南越的援助政策进行了评价,认为美国并未实现其援助的目标,援助政策是失败的,并得出了援助国和受援国应该平等互利共赢的启示。
[Abstract]:Foreign aid is a powerful perspective in the study of American foreign relations. This paper mainly examines the postwar American policy and war on Vietnam from the point of view of American aid to South Vietnam. The thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter discusses the relationship between the Cold War and the origin of American aid to South Vietnam, and holds that the Cold War not only gave birth to the climax of American foreign aid after the war, but also directly affected the policy and aid of the United States to Vietnam. The second chapter discusses the 20 years of American aid to South Vietnam from the Eisenhower administration to the Nixon administration, also after the Geneva Conference. By means of aid, the United States established the anti-Communist Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) regime in the south of Vietnam, interfered deeply in Vietnam's internal affairs, and eventually dragged the United States into the Vietnam battlefield, resulting in a failed process. The third chapter analyzes the causes of American aid to South Vietnam, and holds that the outbreak of the Cold War has a fundamental effect on US aid to South Vietnam, and the need for democratic exports. The goal of maintaining the regime in South Vietnam and the aid provided by China and Soviet Union to North Vietnam also stimulate American aid to South Vietnam to varying degrees. The fourth chapter analyzes the impact of American aid to South Vietnam on both donor and recipient countries, and concludes that the United States has not only failed to achieve its strategic objectives, but also has been mired in Vietnam's quagmire, consuming huge costs and weakening its political and economic strength. The country was buried in history with the liberation of Saigon. Finally, after describing the origin, process, motivation and influence of American aid to South Vietnam in a panoramic way, the article evaluates the US aid policy to South Vietnam, and concludes that the United States has not achieved its aid goal and the aid policy has failed. And draw the inspiration that donors and recipients should be equal, mutual benefit and win-win.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D871.2
[Abstract]:Foreign aid is a powerful perspective in the study of American foreign relations. This paper mainly examines the postwar American policy and war on Vietnam from the point of view of American aid to South Vietnam. The thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter discusses the relationship between the Cold War and the origin of American aid to South Vietnam, and holds that the Cold War not only gave birth to the climax of American foreign aid after the war, but also directly affected the policy and aid of the United States to Vietnam. The second chapter discusses the 20 years of American aid to South Vietnam from the Eisenhower administration to the Nixon administration, also after the Geneva Conference. By means of aid, the United States established the anti-Communist Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) regime in the south of Vietnam, interfered deeply in Vietnam's internal affairs, and eventually dragged the United States into the Vietnam battlefield, resulting in a failed process. The third chapter analyzes the causes of American aid to South Vietnam, and holds that the outbreak of the Cold War has a fundamental effect on US aid to South Vietnam, and the need for democratic exports. The goal of maintaining the regime in South Vietnam and the aid provided by China and Soviet Union to North Vietnam also stimulate American aid to South Vietnam to varying degrees. The fourth chapter analyzes the impact of American aid to South Vietnam on both donor and recipient countries, and concludes that the United States has not only failed to achieve its strategic objectives, but also has been mired in Vietnam's quagmire, consuming huge costs and weakening its political and economic strength. The country was buried in history with the liberation of Saigon. Finally, after describing the origin, process, motivation and influence of American aid to South Vietnam in a panoramic way, the article evaluates the US aid policy to South Vietnam, and concludes that the United States has not achieved its aid goal and the aid policy has failed. And draw the inspiration that donors and recipients should be equal, mutual benefit and win-win.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D871.2
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