马航MH370失联事件中的传言生产

发布时间：2018-09-18 14:24

【摘要】：2014年3月8日,马航MH370号航班失联。由于失联客机一直踪迹难寻,此事件的全面、清晰的信息又无法被呈现,因此在事发后围绕该事件产生了大量传言,并造成了重要的影响。与以往传言不同的是,在马航MH370失联事件中,媒体和公众成为传言的两大生产主体,高度参与到传言中。在互联网时代传播技术的变革中,马航MH370失联事件中的传言生产展现出一些新的特征。本文围绕马航MH370失联事件中传言生产的内容、两大主体对传言的生产以及传言生产背后的动因三个方面对这一个案中的传言生产进行深入分析。马航MH370失联事件中的传言大都是将真实的外延扩大化并关联于敏感或重大政治事件,使传言内容的呈现形式更可信。这一事件的传言与战争中传言的内容类型相比,白日梦型传言的占比偏高,不同类型的传言在不同时间段内占比也有所差异。在多重压力共同作用下,媒体通过构建模糊情境、直接制造传言、消解传言等方式成为传言生产的重要主体；而公众则主要是通过制造传言、“狂欢化传播中”再生产传言和参与传言生产等方式在信息和情感诉求以及网络社会的自净化综合作用下进行传言生产的。马航失联事件中的传言是在环境、事件本身和人等多方面动因的共同作用下进行生产的。紧张敏感的国内外环境为传言的产生提供了社会温床,马航MH370失联事件本身的重要性与模糊性是传言生产的事件本身动因,而个体认知和行为的歪曲以及群体互动中对信息的再造则是传言生产的人的动因。在个案解读的基础之上,笔者发现传言是媒体面对压力时自我保护的一种产物,信息焦虑不仅催生传言更加速消解传言。基于对这两点新发现的反思,笔者认为,可以通过媒体和公众两方面来进行传言的规避与消解。
[Abstract]:March 8, 2014, Malaysia Airlines flight MH370 missing. Because the missing airliner has been hard to find, the comprehensive and clear information of the incident can not be presented, so there is a large number of rumors surrounding the incident after the incident, which has had an important impact. In contrast to previous rumours, the media and the public became the two main producers of the rumors in the case of the disappearance of Malaysia Airlines MH370, and were highly involved in the rumors. In the revolution of communication technology in the Internet era, the rumor production in the MH370 incident of Malaysia Airlines shows some new features. This paper focuses on the content of rumour production in the MH370 incident of Malaysia Airlines, and analyzes the rumour production in this case from three aspects: the production of rumors and the motivation behind the production of rumors. Most of the rumors in the disappearance of Malaysia Airlines MH370 are to extend the true extension and correlate it with sensitive or important political events, which makes the presentation form of the rumour content more credible. Compared with the content types of war rumors, the proportion of daydream rumors is higher, and the proportion of different types of rumors is different in different time periods. Under the combined action of multiple pressures, the media becomes an important part of rumor production by constructing fuzzy situation, directly creating rumors, dispelling rumors and so on, while the public mainly creates rumors. "Carnival communication" reproduction rumors and participate in rumour production and other ways in the information and emotional appeal and the network society under the self-purification of the comprehensive role of rumour production. The rumors in the incident of Malaysia Airlines are produced under the combined action of the environment, the incident itself and human factors. The tense and sensitive environment at home and abroad provides a social hotbed for the generation of rumors. The importance and fuzziness of the MH370 incident itself is the cause of the rumor production. The distortion of individual cognition and behavior and the reconstruction of information in group interaction are the motivation of rumour production. On the basis of case study, the author finds that rumor is a product of self-protection when the media is under pressure. Information anxiety not only accelerates the resolution of rumors, but also accelerates the resolution of rumors. Based on the reflection of these two new findings, the author believes that rumors can be circumvented and dispelled through the media and the public.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D815;G206

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