中国拓展石油安全领域国际多边合作研究
发布时间：2018-09-18 18:10
【摘要】：当前，中国在石油安全领域面临着日益严峻的挑战，其突出表现为受国际石油市场供应量及原油价格波动影响较大且进口石油的安全运输受到各种潜在的非传统安全因素的威胁；同时，中国积极开展石油安全领域国际多边合作的努力受到诸多政治因素的影响。 在全球石油形势不容乐观的大背景下，仅仅依靠开发本国新油田、加大进口量及提高石油利用效率等手段难以确保本国的石油安全；因而，拓展石油安全领域国际多边合作的广度和深度，，提升合作的实效是当下中国解决石油安全问题的关键所在。 目前，中国开展石油安全领域国际多边合作存在的问题主要有：在稳定石油供应量与世界主要的石油合作组织开展的实质性合作不多；在抵御石油价格风险及解决石油“亚洲溢价”方面开展的多边合作实质性效用不强；在保障石油运输安全以及提升石油利用过程中环境安全方面，中国参与的国际石油领域多边合作机制的范围有限。本文对上述问题进行了深入探讨，并结合本国国情，有针对性地提出了对策建议。 首先，在稳定石油供应方面，应逐步使石油进口来源地多元化，并提升拉美及俄罗斯地区进口原油在我国原油进口总量中的比重，同时逐步扩大我国石油公司在海外的股权投资范围，此外还应加快推动亚洲相关国家建立联合石油储备体系。第二，针对国际油价波动的风险，应加快推动国际原油定价机制改革；同时，应提升与亚洲相关国家合作力度，解决石油进口“亚洲溢价”问题。第三，针对石油安全运输问题，应加紧建立海盗袭击联合应对机制及防范其他非传统安全的应急联动机制。第四，针对石油利用过程中环境安全问题，应当加强科技交流与技术共享力度，同时加紧建立突发时间的应急处理机制。
[Abstract]:At present, China is facing increasingly serious challenges in the field of oil security. It is strongly affected by fluctuations in the supply of international oil markets and the price of crude oil, and the safe transportation of imported oil is threatened by various potential non-traditional security factors; at the same time, China's efforts to actively develop multilateral international cooperation in the field of oil security are influenced by many political factors. Against the background of the global oil situation, it is difficult to ensure the oil security of our country by only relying on the development of new oil fields in our country, increasing the import volume and improving the oil utilization efficiency. Expanding the breadth and depth of international multilateral cooperation in the field of oil security and enhancing the effectiveness of cooperation is the key to solve the problem of oil security in China. At present, the main problems of international multilateral cooperation in the field of oil security are as follows: the substantial cooperation between China and the major petroleum cooperation organizations in the world is not enough in stabilizing the oil supply; Multilateral cooperation in resisting oil price risks and addressing the "Asian premium" of oil is of limited substantive utility; in terms of ensuring the safety of oil transportation and enhancing environmental security in the use of oil, China's participation in the multilateral cooperation mechanism in the international petroleum field is limited. In this paper, the above problems are discussed in depth, and the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward according to the national conditions. First of all, in order to stabilize oil supply, we should gradually diversify the sources of oil imports and increase the proportion of imported crude oil from Latin America and Russia in the total crude oil imports of China. At the same time, the scope of overseas equity investment of Chinese oil companies should be expanded step by step. In addition, it is necessary to speed up the establishment of a joint oil reserve system in relevant Asian countries. Second, in view of the risk of international oil price fluctuation, we should speed up the reform of the international crude oil pricing mechanism; at the same time, we should step up cooperation with relevant Asian countries to solve the problem of "Asian premium" in oil imports. Third, to solve the problem of oil transportation, we should establish the joint response mechanism of pirate attack and the emergency linkage mechanism to prevent other non-traditional security. Fourth, in view of the environmental safety problem in the process of petroleum utilization, we should strengthen the exchange of science and technology and share technology, and at the same time, we should set up the emergency management mechanism of unexpected time.
【学位授予单位】：中共广东省委党校
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D822.3;F426.22
本文编号：2248706
[Abstract]:At present, China is facing increasingly serious challenges in the field of oil security. It is strongly affected by fluctuations in the supply of international oil markets and the price of crude oil, and the safe transportation of imported oil is threatened by various potential non-traditional security factors; at the same time, China's efforts to actively develop multilateral international cooperation in the field of oil security are influenced by many political factors. Against the background of the global oil situation, it is difficult to ensure the oil security of our country by only relying on the development of new oil fields in our country, increasing the import volume and improving the oil utilization efficiency. Expanding the breadth and depth of international multilateral cooperation in the field of oil security and enhancing the effectiveness of cooperation is the key to solve the problem of oil security in China. At present, the main problems of international multilateral cooperation in the field of oil security are as follows: the substantial cooperation between China and the major petroleum cooperation organizations in the world is not enough in stabilizing the oil supply; Multilateral cooperation in resisting oil price risks and addressing the "Asian premium" of oil is of limited substantive utility; in terms of ensuring the safety of oil transportation and enhancing environmental security in the use of oil, China's participation in the multilateral cooperation mechanism in the international petroleum field is limited. In this paper, the above problems are discussed in depth, and the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward according to the national conditions. First of all, in order to stabilize oil supply, we should gradually diversify the sources of oil imports and increase the proportion of imported crude oil from Latin America and Russia in the total crude oil imports of China. At the same time, the scope of overseas equity investment of Chinese oil companies should be expanded step by step. In addition, it is necessary to speed up the establishment of a joint oil reserve system in relevant Asian countries. Second, in view of the risk of international oil price fluctuation, we should speed up the reform of the international crude oil pricing mechanism; at the same time, we should step up cooperation with relevant Asian countries to solve the problem of "Asian premium" in oil imports. Third, to solve the problem of oil transportation, we should establish the joint response mechanism of pirate attack and the emergency linkage mechanism to prevent other non-traditional security. Fourth, in view of the environmental safety problem in the process of petroleum utilization, we should strengthen the exchange of science and technology and share technology, and at the same time, we should set up the emergency management mechanism of unexpected time.
【学位授予单位】：中共广东省委党校
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D822.3;F426.22
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