奥巴马政府对华实施金融外交策略的动因、目的与中国的对策研究

发布时间：2018-10-10 19:17

【摘要】：金融外交是基于国家安全而开展的国际金融活动。金融外交一方面是为本国经济社会发展服务的，发挥着维护国家金融安全、增强本国金融实力、提升本国金融的国际地位等作用；另一方面，金融外交在建立和发展国际金融体系、协调国际金融关系、解决国际金融争端、开展国际金融合作、化解国际金融危机、完善和改革国际金融秩序等方面发挥着重要的作用。不过金融外交本质上是经济全球化深入发展的产物，是谋求国家利益的重要工具。奥巴马上台后美国经济增长乏力，，与此同时，近些年来中国的经济却发展迅速，中美经济实力的对比正在发生不利于美国的变化。美国认为中国正试图以其经济实力为基础改变现行的由美国主导的国际经济秩序，进而威胁美国的世界经济霸主地位。在此情况下，奥巴马政府做出了一系列对华政策安排，其中就包括对华实施金融外交策略。金融外交策略有多种表现形式，目前为止，奥巴马主要动用了汇率战和资本市场制裁这两种武器。奥巴马对华实施金融外交策略，试图遏制中国经济的快速发展，保持美国在世界经济中的领先地位，最终维护并巩固美国的唯一超级大国地位。不过从现实主义国际关系理论的角度看，中方至少可以采取以下三方面措施对美国此举进行反制，即：择机减持美国国债，以此为筹码施压美国；融资市场多元化，尽可能利用美国资本；实行外汇投资多元化，加强黄金和石油的储备。
[Abstract]:Financial diplomacy is an international financial activity based on national security. On the one hand, financial diplomacy serves the economic and social development of our country, plays a role in safeguarding national financial security, strengthening our financial strength, and enhancing our country's international position in finance; on the other hand, Financial diplomacy plays an important role in establishing and developing international financial system, coordinating international financial relations, resolving international financial disputes, developing international financial cooperation, resolving international financial crisis and perfecting and reforming international financial order. However, financial diplomacy is essentially the product of the deep development of economic globalization and an important tool for seeking national interests. U.S. economic growth has been weak since Obama took office, while China's economy has grown rapidly in recent years, and the balance of economic power between China and the United States is changing against the United States. The United States believes that China is trying to change the current international economic order dominated by the United States on the basis of its economic power, thereby threatening the United States' world economic hegemony. In this context, the Obama administration has made a series of China policy arrangements, including the implementation of financial diplomacy with China. There are many forms of financial diplomacy, and so far, Obama has used two weapons, currency warfare and capital market sanctions. Obama implemented a financial diplomacy strategy to China, trying to curb the rapid development of China's economy, maintain the leading position of the United States in the world economy, and ultimately maintain and consolidate the United States as the sole superpower. However, from the perspective of realistic international relations theory, the Chinese side can at least take the following three measures to counter the US move, that is, to choose the opportunity to reduce its holdings of US Treasuries as a bargaining chip to pressure the United States; and to diversify the financing market. Use American capital as much as possible; diversify foreign exchange investment and strengthen gold and oil reserves.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D871.2

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