布什执政时期的对朝政策及对中国的影响

发布时间：2018-10-13 14:23

【摘要】： 伴随着冷战后东北亚地缘政治意义的上升,美国的东北亚战略成为全球战略的重要组成部分。基于突出的战略地位和特殊的地缘政治环境,朝鲜半岛“责无旁贷”的成为美国东亚安全战略的重中之重。布什在其执政的8年中,制定的对朝政策目标具有综合性和多重性的特点,对朝政策是其外交的重要组成部分。众多因素影响着布什政府的对朝政策,在布什执政期间他的对朝政策时而强硬时而缓和。美国对朝鲜政策在布什两个任期内也分别经历了三个调整阶段,政策重点也相应发生了一些变化。在布什政府第一任期,新保守派控制对朝决策主导权,美国对朝政策重点以强硬为主,主要采取“鹰式接触”政策,试图以压促变,促使朝鲜政权更迭。在布什政府强硬的政策下,2003年1月10日,朝鲜宣布为捍卫朝国家主权,生存权和国家尊严退出《不扩散核武器条约》,由此第二次朝核危机爆发。布什政府面对内外压力,对朝政策也出现了些缓和迹,对朝政策转为“遏制+接触”。在布什政府第二任期,由于国内外形势的变化,新保守派失势,其政策重点转为以务实、灵活态度推动朝核问题取得进展,使其成为布什任内难得的外交成果之一,但直到布什离任,朝核问题仍没有得到解决。通过阐述布什执政时期的各个阶段的对朝政策,分析其实施该项政策的原因、影响及意义等,总结其各项政策的得失及对中国政治、经济、军事、外交等方面产生的影响,从而为中国未来的朝鲜政策选择以及对外政策制定等方面提供依据。
[Abstract]:With the rise of geopolitical significance in Northeast Asia after the Cold War, the Northeast Asia strategy of the United States has become an important part of the global strategy. Based on the prominent strategic position and special geopolitical environment, the Korean Peninsula has become the most important part of American East Asia security strategy. During his eight years in power, Bush's policy toward North Korea has the characteristics of comprehensiveness and multiplicity, and it is an important part of his diplomacy. Many factors affect the Bush administration's policy toward North Korea, which was sometimes tough and moderated during the Bush administration. During Bush's two administrations, the US policy toward North Korea also went through three stages of adjustment, and the focus of the policy changed accordingly. In the first term of the Bush administration, the neoconservatives controlled the dominant power over the DPRK, and the United States focused its policy on the DPRK mainly on hawkish contacts, in an attempt to promote change under pressure and promote a change of regime in the Democratic people's Republic of Korea (DPRK). Under the tough policy of the Bush administration, on January 10, 2003, the DPRK declared its withdrawal from the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear weapons (NPT) in defence of the DPRK's sovereignty, right to survival and national dignity, thus the second DPRK nuclear crisis broke out. In the face of internal and external pressure, the Bush administration has also shown some signs of easing its policy toward North Korea, and turned its policy toward North Korea into "containment contacts." In the second term of the Bush administration, due to the changes in the domestic and foreign situation, the neo-conservatives lost their strength, and their policy focus shifted to pragmatic and flexible attitude to push forward progress on the North Korean nuclear issue, making it one of the rare diplomatic achievements of the Bush administration. But until Bush left office, the North Korean nuclear issue has not been resolved. By explaining the Korean policy in various stages of the Bush administration, analyzing the reasons, influence and significance of its implementation, and summing up the gains and losses of its policies and its impact on China's politics, economy, military affairs, diplomacy, and so on, So as to provide the basis for China's future Korean policy choice and foreign policy formulation.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D871.2

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