中国视角下美国应对新兴大国的整体战略
发布时间：2018-10-18 18:34
【摘要】：新兴大国的崛起是21世纪世界形势发生的重要变化之一。新兴大国的发展以及和美国之间的互动关系将极大的影响着未来世界形势的走向。近年来，美国的实力相对减弱，新兴国家实力相对上升，特别是金融危机后，美国对世界的控制力明显下降，影响力受到削弱，领导力受到质疑。与之形成鲜明对比的是新兴经济体的异军突起，如中国、俄罗斯、印度、巴西、南非、墨西哥、土耳其、韩国、印尼等。它们在经济迅速发展的同时，越来越多的参与国际事务，对美国的世界大国地位构成了挑战。 考虑到世界大势的变化及新兴大国的崛起，美国不断调整自身的战略思想，强调21世纪美国的治国理念在于创新，在于将传统的外交方式融入美国的高新科技之中，更在于美国将外交和发展作为国家战略的重中之重，加强“民事力量”，构建伙伴关系网，，建立以美国为中心的多伙伴世界。通过与新兴大国构建所谓的伙伴关系，约束新兴大国的行为，分而治之，在与新兴大国的互动中掌握主导权。 中国在众多新兴大国中地位特殊，发展迅速，战略地位重要，因而在美国的新兴大国战略中居于核心位置。美国应对新兴大国整体战略的成功很大程度上取决于对华战略的成功。虽然美国宣称要建立一种“积极、合作、全面的中美关系”，但中美关系的复杂性和美国的战略诉求决定了美国对华战略将呈现出更加复杂、更加多元化的特征。事实上，美国正从多个层次上逐渐形成对华战略的新模式。
[Abstract]:The rise of emerging powers is one of the most important changes in the world situation in the 21 st century. The development of emerging powers and interaction with the United States will greatly affect the future of the world situation. In recent years, the United States has been relatively weak and emerging countries relatively stronger. Especially after the financial crisis, the United States' control over the world has declined significantly, its influence has been weakened, and its leadership has been questioned. In contrast, emerging economies such as China, Russia, India, Brazil, South Africa, Mexico, Turkey, South Korea and Indonesia are emerging. At the same time of rapid economic development, they are more and more involved in international affairs, which challenges the status of the United States as a world power. Considering the changes in the world trend and the rise of emerging powers, the United States has constantly adjusted its own strategic thinking and stressed that the United States' concept of governing the country in the 21st century lies in innovation and the integration of traditional diplomatic methods into the United States' high and new technologies, More importantly, the United States regards diplomacy and development as the top priority of its national strategy, strengthens its "civil power", builds up a network of partnerships, and establishes a multi-partner world centered on the United States. Through the establishment of the so-called partnership with the emerging powers, the behavior of the emerging powers is restrained, separated and ruled, and the dominant power is grasped in the interaction with the emerging powers. China has a special position in many emerging powers, developing rapidly and playing an important strategic role, so it occupies the core position in the emerging great power strategy of the United States. The success of America's overall strategy for emerging powers largely depends on the success of its strategy towards China. Although the United States claims to establish a "positive, cooperative and comprehensive Sino-US relationship," the complexity of Sino-US relations and the strategic appeal of the United States determine that the United States strategy towards China will be more complex and diversified. As a matter of fact, the United States is gradually forming a new pattern of strategy towards China at many levels.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D871.2
[Abstract]:The rise of emerging powers is one of the most important changes in the world situation in the 21 st century. The development of emerging powers and interaction with the United States will greatly affect the future of the world situation. In recent years, the United States has been relatively weak and emerging countries relatively stronger. Especially after the financial crisis, the United States' control over the world has declined significantly, its influence has been weakened, and its leadership has been questioned. In contrast, emerging economies such as China, Russia, India, Brazil, South Africa, Mexico, Turkey, South Korea and Indonesia are emerging. At the same time of rapid economic development, they are more and more involved in international affairs, which challenges the status of the United States as a world power. Considering the changes in the world trend and the rise of emerging powers, the United States has constantly adjusted its own strategic thinking and stressed that the United States' concept of governing the country in the 21st century lies in innovation and the integration of traditional diplomatic methods into the United States' high and new technologies, More importantly, the United States regards diplomacy and development as the top priority of its national strategy, strengthens its "civil power", builds up a network of partnerships, and establishes a multi-partner world centered on the United States. Through the establishment of the so-called partnership with the emerging powers, the behavior of the emerging powers is restrained, separated and ruled, and the dominant power is grasped in the interaction with the emerging powers. China has a special position in many emerging powers, developing rapidly and playing an important strategic role, so it occupies the core position in the emerging great power strategy of the United States. The success of America's overall strategy for emerging powers largely depends on the success of its strategy towards China. Although the United States claims to establish a "positive, cooperative and comprehensive Sino-US relationship," the complexity of Sino-US relations and the strategic appeal of the United States determine that the United States strategy towards China will be more complex and diversified. As a matter of fact, the United States is gradually forming a new pattern of strategy towards China at many levels.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D871.2
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